2-Methylpropane Reaction

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Results The first kinetics study for room temperature solvolysis was designed to capture the time required for 10% reaction. Thus, to find out the rate constant, k (sec-1), the relationship between the rate constant for a unimolecular reaction and the percent reaction is given by the following equation, where t = reaction time: kt = ln(1/1-(%reaction/100). Table 1 shows k for each of the three trials plus the average value of k for all of the trials. The number of millimoles for both 2-chloro-2-methylpropane and sodium hydroxide that were present in each flask prior to mixing was also calculated in Table 1.
Table 1: Room Temperature Solvolysis NaOH (mmol) C4H9Cl (mmol) Time (secs) Temperature (K) k
Trial 1 0.03 0.3 27.07 292.5 0.00389
Trial 2 0.03 0.3 35.36 292.5 0.00298 …show more content…
mmol NaOH: 0.0003 L NaOH * 0.10 M NaOH = 3e-5mol * 1000mmol = 0.03mmol NaOH
2. mmol C4H9Cl: 0.003 L C4H9Cl * 0.10 M C4H9Cl = 0.0003mol *1000mmol = 0.3mmol C4H9Cl
3. k for trial one: ln(1/1-(10/100))/27.07 = 0.00389 Part B involved the effect of solvent on reaction rate. Table 2 shows the solvent composition of each trial as well as the time it took for each reaction to occur. Trial one used a solvent of 20% acetone in water which allowed 46.44 seconds before the reaction occurred. Trial two used a solvent of 40% acetone in water which allowed 110.93 seconds before the reaction occurred.
Table 2: Effect of Solvent on Reaction Rate Solvent Composition Temperature (K) Time (secs)
Trial 1 20% acetone in water 292.5 46.44
Trial 2 40% acetone in water 292.8
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