5. Finally, it is my belief that the economic powers that be in America have sufficient power to end or drastically reduce racist bias in the criminal justice system. To the extent that they allow it to exist, it is not unreasonable to assume that it furthers their economic interests. For…
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2012, Trayvon Martin was murdered in Florida because he looked suspicious. Although one could hear the voice recording of the verbal altercation between George Zimmerman and Martin, he was still found not guilty of murdering yet another black boy in America based on race. In 2014, Mike Brown was murdered in Missouri because he was aggressive and dangerous. This shooting was recorded and had several witnesses, but the police officer whose duty is to protect and to serve was found innocent of slaying a…
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PROSECUTION AND RACIAL JUSTICE PROGRAM Do Race and Ethnicity Matter in Prosecution? A Review of Empirical Studies First Edition Besiki Kutateladze Vanessa Lynn Edward Liang Vera Institute of Justice June 2012 © 2012 Vera Institute of Justice. All rights reserved. Additional copies can be obtained from the Communications Department of the Vera Institute of Justice, 233 Broadway, 12th Floor, New York, New York, 10279, (212) 334-1300. An electronic version of this report is available for download…
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base off of their prejudices every day. The following studies and analyses provide insight on minorities’ differential treatment in the judicial system causing severe sentencing disparities. Racial Disparity in Sentencing In the study Patterns of Death: An Analysis of Racial Disparities in Capital Sentencing and Homicide victimization, the authors Samuel Gross and Robert Mauro examine the effect race plays in Capital Sentencing. This study observes 8 states sentencing of capital punishment under…
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legislation concerning dogfighting, and suggestions of more effective enforcement efforts to address the problem in the United States. The main initiative of this article is to identify how organized crime is affected by dogfighting and the legal status of the practice, in order to develop better policies to help reduce and eliminate the serious effects of this blood sport. By first becoming aware of the scope and gravity of this crime, we can begin to grasp how serious a problem dogfighting is and…
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Black, White and Latino Race to Prison. Black, White and Latino Race to Prison. Introduction The incarceration rate in the United States is the highest among the wealthy nations. It is very compelling to know that the United States is 5% of world population and has 25% of the world prisoners. Two million and three hundred thousand people are in jail, and 730 out of 100,000 persons and nearly one million of total 2.3 million are African Americans. They are incarcerated nearly six times than the…
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relation to recidivism1 Important note: The selection of studies included here is by no means comprehensive. This document merely aims to give a brief overview of the types of evidence available in relation to recidivism. It should be noted that the majority of studies included here are from North America, Australia, New Zealand and Europe (Netherlands and UK), with a few from Thailand, Hong Kong, Singapore and China. The studies are arranged into four categories, starting with those which show…
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the bottom. Multiple avenues of research have reached the conclusion that the criminal justice system is not prepared to help rehabilitate youth offenders to the best of their ability (Baron 33). Most court appointed defense attorneys have several cases to go through each day. Subsequently, the system does not take the time for each individual, let alone youth offenders. This makes it harder for juveniles to get a fair and speedy trial. While juveniles sit in these adult facilities, they are at a…
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Howard Becker developed his theory of labeling (also known as social reaction theory) in the 1963 book Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. Becker's theory evolved during a period of social and political power struggle that was enlarged within the world of the college campus. Liberal political movements were embraced by many of the college students and faculty in America. Howard Becker harnessed this liberal influence and adjusted Lemert's labeling theory and its symbolic interaction…
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Prevention Council) will also be researched. White Collar Crime The late Professor Edwin Sutherland coined the term white-collar crime about 1941. Sutherland defined white-collar crime as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation" (Siegel 337) White-collar crime includes, by way of example, such acts as promulgating false or misleading advertising, illegal exploitation of employees, mislabeling of goods, violation of weights and measures statutes…
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