Even machines are becoming smarter: HAL, the robot in the 1968 movie 2001: A Space Odyssey, starts anticipating what humans in the space ship will do. The result is not a happy one. (See the movie.)
Game theory has become an important tool in all branches of economics. Both the 1994 and the 2005 Nobel Prizes in Economics were awarded to game theorists: in 1994 to John Nash from Princeton, John Harsanyi from Berke- ley, and Reinhard Selten from Germany (John Nash’s life is portrayed in the movie A Beau- tiful Mind ); in 2005 to Robert Aumann, from Israel, and Tom Schelling, from
