They believe that grades motivate students to work harder and promote self-discipline. Although grades might motivate students to compete with each other, should one assume grades motivate students to learn? As a general matter, we know that rewards and punishments can change one’s performance. So there is some accuracy to the motivational aspect of this argument that seems to make it irrefutable (Schwartz & Sharpe, 2011). However, outside of school type settings, no-one gets graded for learning. Society is not graded when learning to walk and talk. Nor are they graded when learning to ride a bike or drive a car, and yet they still learn these things (Farber, 2012). According to Schwartz and