This is constructed through the use of characterisation, specifically opinion. Foer is first introduced to the ethical treatment of animals by his father when he kicks a dog and is told “we don’t kick animals”. However, when he is made aware of his babysitter’s dietary restrictions influenced by ethics, his initial response is “Mom and dad entrusted this stupid woman with their precious babies?” As expected from a morally sound parent, Foer is taught the ethical treatment of those with the capacity to suffer and experience pain. However, there is an evident hypocrisy in this belief as the family are indirectly accentuating the suffering of animals by habitually consuming them without any consideration to the ethics of how their meals were procured. Since Foer is oblivious to this barbaric process, he disparages his babysitter’s beliefs, thereby creating a contradiction with the pacifism impressed upon him by his parents. Hypocrites are often condemned by society as their beliefs are not consistent with their actions. Dante put them in the 8th circle of hell due to his disgust with such people. After having the flaws of his beliefs exposed, Foer notices the inconsistencies and realises that not only do the ethics applauded by his babysitter make more sense than the philosophies