S H E E T
NAME ____________________________________
EXERCISE
LAB TIME/DATE _______________________
Anatomy of the
Respiratory System
Upper and Lower Respiratory System Structures
1. Complete the labeling of the diagram of the upper respiratory structures (sagittal section).
Frontal sinus
Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
Sphenoidal sinus
Superior concha
Pharyngeal tonsil
Middle concha
Opening of auditory or pharyngotympanic tube
Inferior concha
Nasopharynx
Nostril
Posterior nasal aperture
Hard palate
Soft palate
Uvula
Palatine tonsil
Tongue
Lingual tonsil
Epiglottis
Oropharynx
Hyoid bone
Laryngopharynx
Thyroid cartilage of larynx
Cricoid cartilage
Vocal fold (true vocal cord)
Thyroid gland
Esophagus
Trachea
2. Two pairs of vocal folds are found in the larynx. Which pair are the true vocal cords (superior or inferior)?
Inferior
3. Name the specific cartilages in the larynx that correspond to the following descriptions. forms the Adam’s apple: thyroid
4. What is the significance of the fact that the human trachea is reinforced with cartilaginous rings?
Prevents its collapse during pressure changes occurring during breathing.
Of the fact that the rings are incomplete posteriorly? Allows a food bolus traveling down the posterior esophagus to bulge anteriorly. 5. What is the function of the pleural membranes? Produce a serous fluid that reduces friction during breathing movements and helps to hold the lungs tightly to the thorax wall which keeps the lungs inflated.
6. Name two functions of the nasal cavity mucosa. Warms and moistens incoming air.
7. The following questions refer to the primary bronchi.
Which is longer? Left
Larger in diameter? Right
More horizontal? Left
Which more commonly traps a foreign object that has entered the respiratory passageways? Right
8. Appropriately label all structures provided with leader lines on the diagrams below. trachea main (primary) bronchi
