By 1492, Spain and Portugal were thirsty for the colonies to gain the resources and enlarge their power throughout the world and America was relatively quiet in the global economy. As soon after European conquered the lands of Latin America and Caribbean, Spanish started mining for valuable and rich resources such as gold and silver by using indigenous people in a very harsh condition. By sacrificing the indigenous people, the economy of Spanish powered up with mining industries dominated in the region, Potosi and eventually silver made its way across all over the world. Because of mining, the hacienda existed that produced for sale to local markets in nearby mining districts or town. While the Spanish America concentrated on the mining industries, the Portuguese in Brazil relied on the plantation of sugar. Like the Spanish conquerors, Portuguese tried to put indigenous people into the work but the people resisted to accommodate into the production as the laborers. Thus, Portuguese brought African slaves from Africa. The slave workers fueled the American economies soon thereafter. Slaves filtered into the Caribbean and Brazil serve on plantations. The sugar industry was growing in Europe and became the most crucial export, hence the slaves satisfied the Portuguese on the “engenhos” and in other lands. However, the social structures were changed and impacted by the slaves especially in Brazil, which had the biggest sugar plantation. In Brazil, Creole social groups were created that included mullatoes and zamboes among other racial mixes. This called for a change in the social hierarchy – European born at the top, European ancestry, Creole races, and slaves. European not only brought the slaves into Americas but also deadly diseases, smallpox and measles, that decimated local populations. Despite of the side effects, the contact with Europe and indigenous people established the new cities rapidly that developed the society of Americas with the structured government such as imperialism with bureaucracy and other administrators. Despite of massive change, some aspects of life stayed the same in South Americas. Many tribes were still able to maintain their traditional way of life. Although they adapted the Christianity by the influence of European, they kept their traditions and customs with the faith by missionaries. With the new and consistent international contact, the next period of history would have dramatic economic and social change and will change forever from now.
Economy in both great civilizations; Persia and Greece were crucial and essential to maintain their empires. Since the Greece had mountainous terrain and the rocky