APHuGe Political Vocab
1. Annexation the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation
2. Boundary, disputes (definitional, locational, operational, allocational)
Allocational:
dispute over location and resources;
Definitional:
Conflict over the language of the border agreement in a treaty or boundary contract;
Locational:
territorial dispute over the edge of two neighboring countries;
Operational
: boundaries that move according to specific operations or function
3. Boundary, origin (antecedent, subsequent, superimposed, relic)
Antecedent:
a boundary that existed before the cultural landscape emerged and stayed in place while people moved in to occupy the surrounding area;
Subsequent:
a boundary that developed with the evolution of the cultural landscape and is adjusted as the cultural landscape changes;
Superimposed: a boundary that is imposed on the cultural landscape which ignores preexisting cultural patterns (typically a colonial boundary);
Relic:
they no longer exist as international boundaries
4. Boundary, process (definition, delimitation, demarcation)
Definition:
The phase in which the exact location of a boundary is legally described and negotiated;
Delimitation:
in which the exact location of a boundary is legally described and negotiated; Demarcation: phase in which the boundary is physically marked on the landscape by a sign, fence, line, or wall
5. Boundary, type (natural/physical, ethnographic/cultural, geometric, frontier)
National/Physical:
natural boundary might be something like a river, mountain range or an ocean. These are generally considered to be obstructions which prevent crossing without additional equipment or assistance, such as a boat or horses to carry what you need to cross a mountain range., political boundary would be a real or imagined line in the sand that defines the boundary of a nation or state;
Ethnographical/Cultural:
boundaries that mark breaks in the human landscapes based on differences in ethnicity;
Geometric
:A political border drawn in a regular, geometric manner, often a straight line, without regard for environmental or cultural patterns;
Frontier:
an undeveloped field of study
6. Buffer state a small neutral state between two rival powers
7. Capital
Principal city in a state or country. The best place to locate a capital is at the center of a country, so it is a somewhat equal distance from all parts of the country. 8. Centrifugal forces that tend to divide a country such as internal religious, linguistic, ethnic, or ideological differences
9. Centripetal forces that tend to unify a countrysuch as widespread commitment to a national cultures shared ideological objectives, and a common faith
10. Colonialism/Imperialism rule by an autonomous power per a subordinate and alien people and place. Although often established and maintained through political structures, colonialism also creates unequal cultural and economic relations. Because of the magnitude and impact of the European colonial project in the last few centuries, the term is generally understood to refer to that particular colonial endeavor
11. Core/periphery Processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology; generate more wealth than periphery processes in the worldeconomy
12. Devolution the process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government 13. EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) generally a state's EEZ extends to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370 km) out from its coast. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles apart. When an overlap occurs, it is up to the states to delineate the actual boundary. Generally, any point within an
