This is true as we see that U.S.-born Asian-Americans tend to have higher alcohol consumption rates compared to immigrant Asian-Americans (Li and Rosenblood 1994)[4]. On another hand a study by Chin and Colleagues in 1991 showed that Chinese immigrants living in Chinatown did not conform to the social norms of drinking in the US mostly because they did not emulate themselves with the general population. While a study by Yee and Thu in 1987 found that approximately 45 percent of Asian refugees tend to have higher alcohol dependence due to social pressures, lifestyles adjustments, and income struggles. More importantly, many do not report any alcohol illness or alcohol dependence due to the strict cultural image that is found in their country of origin (Caetano, Clark and Tam 1998)[4]. This is particularly harmful as an individual could be suffering from an alcohol related disease but won’t seek medical attention or help. A study on the Epidemiology of Primary Liver Cancer supports this …show more content…
Social movement of Native-Americans is the most prominent reason for alcohol dependence among this group. More importantly, Native Americans drinking patterns are characterized by heavy drinking (Duran and Duran 1995)[4]. Social negligence, as well unemployment, poverty, and lack of employment opportunity based on their background has put them at a disadvantage in society and are factors that contribute to their alcohol dependence. Rituals and traditions among Native Americans are cultural reason for alcohol consumption among many sub-groups in this ethnicity. While many Native-Americans, especially those that live on reservations, that have progressed in society are less dependent on alcohol (Duran and Duran 1995; Garcia-Andrade et al. 1997; Mail and Johnson 1993; Mancall 1995)