Cell Division and the Cell Cycle
1) Define the following terms:
Meiosis The production of daughter cells that have one half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It enables organisms to reproduce sexually.
Mitosis The production of two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. Parent cell=haploid, daughter cell=haploid. Parent cell=diploid, daughter cell=diploid.
Chromosome A structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, which carry genetic information in the form of genes.
Haploid The term used when a cell has only one set of chromosomes.
Diploid The term used when a cell has two sets of chromosomes.
2) What is the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister…show more content… Your entrepreneurial spirit gets hold of you and you hatch a plan and breed the two rabbits together.
First define the following terms (hint understanding them will help you answer the question!)
True-breeding A kind of breeding in which parents with a certain phenotype only reproduce offspring with the same phenotype.
Allele One member of a pair of genes placed on a specific location on a chromosome which controls the same trait.
Crossing-over/homologous recombination A type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar molecules of DNA.
Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment Allele pairs separate independently during the formation of gametes. Traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another.
Genotype and phenotype Genotype is the internally coded information carried by all living organisms. This information is used as a blueprint for building and maintaining a living creature. Phenotype is the outward, physical characteristics of an organism. It is concerned with the observable parts of a living organism.
(a) What rabbit phenotype will be the product of your first breeding experiment? Red-haired and red-eyed rabbits, and green-haired and green-eyed rabbits.
(b)If you breed these resulting rabbits together and out of 100 offspring, you get ONLY red-haired/red-eyed rabbits or green-haired/green-eyed
