While the book doesn't offer a decisive road map to solving the waste crisis, it serves as a wake-up call to reevaluate our attitudes towards consumption, disposal, and environmental direction. Backderf’s narrative pushes us to confront the uncomfortable truths about our wasteful habits and encourages us to seek and apply real solutions. However, whether there will be a considerable shift toward the environmental, practice remains uncertain. It requires collective action, innovative strategies, and a fundamental shift in community standards and policies. The conclusion chapters of “Trashed” leave us with a sense of urgency and the realization that addressing the garbage problem necessitates collective efforts on a global scale. “The garbage is relentless, never ending, one day just rolls into the next, more the same” (Backderf, pg. 118. The nlnlnlnlnlnlnlnlnlnlnlnln Towards the end of the book, Backderf searches into the adverse effects of “yellow torpedoes” and highlights the challenges faced by nations worldwide in managing their waste