Basal Ganglia Case Study

Words: 2398

Pages: 10

Open Document

Basal ganglia disorders are a group of syndromes that all have a common source. In this case the common source is the basal ganglia. This is a part of the brain near the limbic system that is associated with many disorders, both psychological as well as physical. These disorders are very different and the only thing they have in common it the basal ganglia. The basal ganglia are a group of neurons that is also called the nuclei and is located deep within the cerebral hemispheres of the brain. The basal ganglia consist of the corpus stratium and related nuclei. The basal ganglia are involved mainly in processing movement related information. In addition, it also processes information related to emotions, motivations, and cognitive functions. The basal ganglia …show more content…
The basal ganglia and related nuclei are considered as one of three types of nuclei. Input nuclei receive signals from various sources in the brain. Output nuclei send signals from the basal ganglia to the thalamus. Intrinsic nuclei relay nerve signals and information between the input nuclei and output nuclei. The basal ganglia receive information from the cerebral cortex and thalamus through input nuclei. After the information has been processed, it is passed along to intrinsic nuclei and sent to output nuclei. From the output nuclei, the information is sent to the thalamus. The thalamus passes the information on to the cerebral cortex. The basal ganglia are a different portion of the motor system, they look as if it run in routine with the pyramidal motor pathway. The path that sends signals directly along the nerve tracts descends from the cerebral cortex to the motor neurons that activate skeletal muscles. The basal ganglia refine

The Basal Ganglia System

movement, the Basal Ganglia System (or Basal Nuclei) plays an important role in many functions of behavior including learning, motivation, and higher-order cognition. As this system has some role in so many different processes, it consists of many different structures. These structures that will be described in more detail later are the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra. Other structures commonly attributed to the Basal Ganglia System are the…

Words 818 - Pages 4

Restless Legs Syndrome Analysis

thalamus, and others are interconnected to the substantia nigra and putamen of the basal ganglia, among other structures. These basal ganglia regions are responsible for motor movements, learning, and emotions, which is why appropriate upregulation of iron in these regions is responsible for reducing RLS symptoms (Ferre et al., 2018). Dysregulation of iron in basal ganglia regions cause RLS, for iron excess in these basal ganglia structures are necessary to reduce RLS symptoms, mostly idiopathic or primary…

Words 1061 - Pages 5

Neurodevelopment Essay

can alter the development of the nervous system and can alter behaviour and cognition in later life. These developmental abnormalities are commonly referred to as foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). A wealth of evidence from human clinical studies and animal models have identified some important molecular pathways, physiological processes and brain regions that may be disrupted by prenatal exposure to alcohol. In this essay discuss the symptoms of FASD and the physiological processes and brain…

Words 1294 - Pages 6

Tourette's Syndrome Analysis

History and cause of Tourette’s syndrome Tourette’s syndrome became public information at around 1885 due to George Gilles de la Tourette. Before George Gilles de la Tourette, nothing really justified or explained the symptoms that people suffering from Tourette’s had. GTS was, for many years, considered to be a psychogenically mediated bizarre curiosity and was moreover considered to be very rare indeed (Robertson, 2008). People actually viewed the symptoms of Tourette’s to be the symptoms of…

Words 1085 - Pages 5

The Biological and Psychological Basis of Learning and Memory Essay

This stage requires retrieving information from the memory bank and in this case the three year old needs to recall how he or she learned how to tie his or her shoe. Similarly, the case of the dog salivating, Ivan Pavlov “began his self-inflicted studies of human verbal learning and memory” (Kimble, 1985, p. 284). Pavlov performed studies testing the intelligence levels of animals. One of his most prominent studies was teaching a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell and that teaching is referred…

Words 1853 - Pages 8

RE: Methods and Experience Essay

Research Methods Case Scenario Tara Millisor General Psychology 111 Research Methods Case Scenario There have been studies that show how participating in activities and interventions, help students with lower reading scores significantly increase their reading scores. In one study, exercise not only builds your fitness, it also boosts brain power, which can help students do better in school and improve grades. Studies show that teens who do aerobic exercise, like walking and swimming…

Words 469 - Pages 2

The Emotional Brain by Laura Arendal Essay

stimulus you perceive as dangerous (for instance, a snake slithering toward you) and survive the event. So how does it work? Primary Emotion: Introducing Fear Evolution has graced us with the amygdala, an almond-shaped component of the ancient basal ganglia that is involved with aspects of emotion and memory formation. The amygdala allows an instantaneous, unthinking reaction in the face of a threat; sort of a survivomatic autopilot. As Joseph LeDoux says, "When it comes to detecting and responding…

Words 2775 - Pages 12

Essay about Newer Antipsychosis Drugs

and seizures. Their main use is in patients who are not responsive to the older drugs or who suffer intolerable side effects from them. The antipsychotic agents in the class of clozapine (which is less used than other agents in the class because of cases of aplastic anemia) have attracted great interest, because—as already mentioned—they are associated with relatively fewer extrapyramidal side effects. For this reason, they are particularly favored in controlling the confusion and psychosis of parkinsonian…

Words 1959 - Pages 8

Bio201 Quiz5 Review Guide Essays

Bio201 Quiz5 Review Guide Central Nervous System: 1. What two structures make up the CNS? Brain and spinal cord 2. Describe the roles of the three types of neurons involved in a reflex. Sensory neurons- Deliver information to CNS Motor neurons- Commands to perphial effectors Interneurons- Interpret, plan, and coordinate signals in and out 3. 1 neural reflex = _?_ I nueral reflex produces 1 motor response 4. Diagram AND label the five steps that occur in a neural reflex. Make sure to keep…

Words 5416 - Pages 22

Fibromyalgia Research Paper

fibromyalgia is musculoskeletal pain in the upper and lower sections of the body. Typically, pain will originate in one location, such as the shoulders, and then become widespread. Alongside pain, fatigue and cognitive impairments are commonly reported in cases of fibromyalgia. During certain times of the day, after being active, and following being slothful have been noted to cause flared feelings…

Words 2341 - Pages 10