Battle Analysis: The Battle Of Poison Springs

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The Battle of Poison Springs took place on April 18th, 1864, and was a one day battle that was significant due to the Confederate soldiers showing no mercy to the black Union soldiers. It was part of a large offense from the Union in the area of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. The Union forces had been led by General Nathaniel Banks and had went through Louisiana in March and early April. A defeat in Northwestern Louisiana at the Battle of Mansfield had sent him and his forces into retreat. In the time before the Battle of Poison Springs the Union forces were moving towards Bank’s projected path, and had the intention to secure Southwestern Arkansas for the federals. As of April the 15th, Union General Frederick Steele occupied Camden, Arkansas. Two days later, on April the …show more content…
They loaded what was left into 200 wagons in preparation to head back towards Camden. They had started on the path towards Camden on April 18th, on which the Union forces were intercepted by 3,600 Confederate soldiers, that included General Samuel Maxey. General Maxey had placed General John Marmaduke in charge of the attack that followed. Colonel Williams had positioned part of his force, the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry, between the wagon train and the lines of the Confederates. This regiment was comprised of mostly ex-slaves, and was the first black unit in the Union army. The determination of the 1st Kansas stopped the first two attacks, but then they started to run low on ammunition. This shortage of ammunition lead to the third wave of attacks overwhelmed the 1st Kansas, causing the battle to majorly go to the favor of the Confederates. William then gathered what was left of his forces, and retreated from the then abandoned wagons, that were all burned or destroyed. More than 300 Union troops were killed while only 13 Confederate troops. There was also only 81 injuries on the Confederate
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