Because of his deafness he became more recluse and his rate of composition began to decrease. During his lifetime Beethoven had outputs of 9 symphonies, 7 concertos, 17 string quartets, 32 piano sonatas, 10 sonatas for violin and piano, 5 sonatas for cello and piano, an opera, 2 masses, several overtures, and many sets of piano variations. His compositions during 1815 and 1827 are a mere fraction of his output in 1792. On his return to Vienna in the year 1827 he contracted pneumonia and never recovered. He died from cirrhosis of the liver in Vienna on March 26,