Bio Honors Study Guide Essay

Submitted By Reeda-Hanif
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Vocabulary: biology - the scientific study of life biosphere - all environments on earth that support life ecosystem - all organisms living in a particular area community - entire array of organisms in an ecosystem population - all individuals of a particular species living in an area organism - individual living thing organ system - consists of several organs that cooperate in a specific function organ - made of several different tissues tissues - made up of group of cells that perform a specific function cell - fundamental unit of life organelle - a membrane - enclosed structure that performs a specific function in a cell molecule - cluster of small chemical units called atoms help together by chemical bonds emergent properties - cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system etc prokaryotic cells - a type of cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and other membrane enclosed organelles; found only in domains Bacteria & Archaea eukaryotic cells - a type of cell that has a membrane enclosed nucleus and other membrane enclosed organelles; found in all organisms except Bacteria & Archaea producers - provide food (plants) consumers - eat plants (producers) or other animals decomposers - change complex matter into simpler mineral nutrients that plants can absorb/use genes - the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring domains - life can be divided into three higher levels
Domain Bacteria - one of the two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Archaea
Domain Archaea - one of the two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Bacteria
Domain Eukarya - domain of life that includes all eukaryotes evolution - species living today are descendant of ancestral species natural selection - a process in which individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals that do not have those traits inductive reasoning - generalization, reasoning from general facts to general principles deductive reasoning - deduction, reasoning from general to particular
Information:
all forms of life share common properties
8 properties of life
1. order - complex organization
2. reproduction - reproduce own kind
3. growth and development - hatching chick
4. energy processing - organisms take in and utilize energy
5. response to the environment - response to external stimulus
6. regulation - maintenance of stable internal environment
7. evolutionary adaptation - population of organisms evolve overtime due to natural selection
8. DNA - common genetic code in life's hierarchy of organization, new properties emerge at each level cells are the structural and functional units of
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