Literature Review Biracial Identity Development Model In the context of this literature review, the word "multiracial" involves individuals who identify with two or more racial identities. This broad definition includes those who identify as biracial, meaning they have heritage from two separate racial backgrounds. By categorizing biracial individuals within the broader framework of multiracial identity, this literature review acknowledges the diversity and complexity of racial identities. This inclusive approach allows for a comprehensive exploration of the experiences and challenges multiracial individuals encounter. One model that captures multiracial experience is Poston (1990) biracial identity development model, which emphasizes that…show more content… Understanding these dynamics is further underscored by literature, such as that highlighted by Du et al. (2017), which emphasizes a strong correlation between self-esteem and subjective well-being. Recognizing how self-esteem affects the overall well-being of individuals highlights the importance of building strong self-esteem in various situations, especially for people with multiracial backgrounds. Similarly, through Villegas-Gold and Tran (2018) study involving 383 multiracial adults, egalitarian socialization was linked to a stronger multiracial integrated identity, which was positively associated with subjective well-being and self-esteem for those with moderate and high phenotypic racial ambiguity. Ethnic identity, resolution, and affirmation have been shown to positively correlate with self-acceptance, higher self-esteem, and reduced depressive symptoms (Brittan et al., 2013; Orth & Robins, 2022). Having higher self-esteem yields a multitude of positive outcomes, such as improved social relationships, academic success, enhanced mental and physical well-being, and reduced antisocial behavior. Research by Gonzales et
