Brain Size Lab Summary

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Introduction The topic examined in Lab 4 is how Body Mass, Brain Size, and Life History variables, demonstrate the distinctions amongst humans, apes, and other primates. These variables are related because they demonstrate positive correlations in the scatterplots in the Data Analysis worksheet for Lab 4 of Age of First Reproduction (years), Maximum Lifespan (years), and Observed Brain Size (cc) of the species, in relation to an increasing Body Mass (kg). By examining these variables, the Encephalization Quotient, Age at First Reproduction, and Maximum lifespan are then compared amongst humans and various apes. It is suggested that the Encephalization Quotient (EQ), Age at First Reproduction, Maximum Lifespan of humans are all higher than …show more content…
The estimated body mass and brain size are used to estimate life history variables because as body mass increases, the maximum lifespan also increases in species. In addition, as body mass increases, the rate of reproduction decreases. Moreover, as body mass increases, the age at first reproduction increases. The encephalization quotient was determined by dividing the observed brain size (cc) by the expected brain size …show more content…
Humans had an EQ of (3.08), and Homo erectus had a similar EQ of (3.46). Australopithecus had an EQ of (2.65). Homo habilis (1.49), Haplorhines (1.23) and Apes (1.16) have similar EQs. The data supports my hypothesis that the Encephalization Quotient in Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Neanderthals compared other primates will be larger compared to humans and other primates because the EQ in Australopithecus (2.65), Homo habilis (1.49), Homo erectus (3.46), and Neanderthals (5.98) had a larger EQ compared to other primates such as Haplorhines (1.23) and Apes (1.16), and Strepsirhine (0.83). However, it also rejects my hypothesis that the Encephalization Quotient in Australopithecus, Homo habilis, compared humans will be larger, because Australopithecus (2.65), Homo habilis (1.49), have a smaller EQ compared to Humans (3.08). The hypothesis may have been rejected because the observed brain size for humans (1091.54 cc) in relation to the expected brain size (182.53 cc), and thus, resulting in an EQ was much higher than
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