Veronika, Ignatovich
Long Island University
Hs 471
Breast cancer remains a considerable threat not only to women vulnerable to it but also men who are directly and indirectly affected by the same. Research findings show that breast cancer is the most invasive type of cancer in women worldwide. Breast cancer accounts 18.2% of the total deaths worldwide caused by cancer (DeSantis et al., 2014). To ascertain the extent of obliteration caused by cancer particularly to females, it is worth noting the fact that breast cancer accounts for 16.2 % of all the female cancers (DeSantis et al., 2014). Owing the threat and the destructions caused by this type of cancer, this paper will define breast cancer, describe the populations affected by the same. It will additionally discussthe previousinterventions addressed to intervene this health challenge, and finally present evidence-based strategies recommended for interventions.
By definition, breast cancer is the type of cancer that affects the breast cells. At the onset, breast cancer affects the inner lining of the milk ducts and sometimes the lobules that supply the ducts with the milk then proceed to other parts of the breast (Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group, 2014). The resultant malignant tumor if not discovered in due time and treated at the early stages, the patient may experience substantial damage of cells within the breast area. Breast cancer can either be lobular carcinoma or ductal carcinoma. Lobular carcinoma is the type of cancer that starts off at the lobules while ductal carcinoma is the type of cancer that develops from the ducts of the breasts (Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group, 2014).
The rates of breast cancer differ across different groups of people. Apparently, research findings done with breast cancer being the subject attests that rates of this disease vary between men and women, and also among people of different culture and age. In U.S, for instance,an estimated 1 out of 8 women are likely to develop invasive cancer in the course of their lifespan (Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group, 2014). Apparently, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in all women globally. Based on statistical evidence, this type of cancer accounts for 12% of cancer cases across the globe and 25% of all cancer worldwide (DeSantis et al., 2014). Breast cancer incidence rates vary greatly across different regions. In Eastern Africa, cancer incidence rates stands at 19.3 per 100, 000 women while incidence rates stand at 89.7 per 100, 000 women in Western Europe (DeSantis et al., et al., 2014). In most developing countries particularly Africa, incidence rates are perceived to stand at the rate of below 40 per 100,000. In the same note, the rates of survival vary across countries. In most developed countries that include Japan, North America, and Sweden, the survival rate is 80%, middle-income countries have a survival rate of 60%, while the low-income countries have a survival rate of 40% or even less (DeSantis et al., et al., 2014).
Being a considerable threat worldwide, interventions are key towards handling the aftermath effects of breast cancer. In the recent past, a number of interventions have since been