Unit One Exam
Abstract:
Part l: Demonstrate your understanding
1) Operant Conditioning
Operant conditioning is a process behavior is controlled through the use of positive and negative actions. Postive and negative reinforcements are example of operant conditioning as well as positive and negative punishment. (Skinner p.95) An example of a positive reinforcement is when a child finished her dinner, she gets to have icecream. This will encourage the child eating her dinner because she knows she will get ice cream afterward. This will increase the behavior to be continue. If a child doesn’t finish her dinner she doesn’t get icecream. This will prefalish of having icecream. This is removing…show more content… 13). Children develop schema as a part of their cognitive development, which are representation of perceptions, ideas or actions. These schemas can be changed or adjust through the process of assimilation and accommodation. Afterward, equilibration occurs and the child can move on to the next cognitive stage. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development begins from birth to adolescences (Singer and Revension p. 20-23). He proposes that children learn from interacting in a physical and social environment. He believes hands-on activities also help with children’s learning skill. In Piaget’s theory, children are encouraged to explore their world and invent in their knowledge throughout interaction.
For example, having the children to draw any kind of animal they like instead of asking to draw a specific animal or teaching them step by step to draw a…show more content… Regarding the two of these cognitive theories, it would be suitable to apply Piaget’s theory to my classroom. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development provides an active learning environment where children can construct their own knowledge. Children are being encourage to express their ideas and take control of their thinking. When a problem arises, children go through the adaptation process to learn how to make adjust with the environment. The adaptation process occurs through assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation is taking new information and change it to fit their mind. Accommodation involves adjusting current information to fit the new information. When one reaches, equilibration occurs to allow children to move on to the next stage of development. This process enables children to form a schema that organize the set of ideas or behaviors to help them to interpret and understand the world. For example, Lily assumes that any objects that have black and white strips are a zebra. She shouts “zebra, zebra” when she sees a lunch box with black and white strips. Then the Lily’s mother explains to Lily that not all black and white patterns represent a zebra. She also explains that a zebra eats grass and make sounds, but a lunch box can’t doesn’t perform these actions. Her new schema is that not all black and white strip objects are a zebra. Piaget’s theory of
