The experiences of Tonya Battle exemplify the connection between the three aforementioned types of discrimination. Battle experienced individual discrimination when she worked the night shift and was shown a note that was attached to the baby’s spot in the hospital (A Shocking Case of Racial Discrimination in a Hospital). This act of individual discrimination victimized Tonya because she is African American. Other white nurses could care for this baby but she could not. Tonya experienced institutional discrimination when the hospital obeyed the racist command of the baby’s parents (A Shocking Case of Racial Discrimination in a Hospital). The hospital, a health institution, discriminated against Tonya at the organizational level. She was not allowed, according to the hospital, to fully carry out her duties. Lastly, Tonya Battle experienced structural discrimination when she was treated as inferior compared to the other nurses when the hospital claimed that their request to keep her away was for her protection (A Shocking Case of Racial Discrimination in a Hospital). The white nurses were not told to stay away from the baby for their protection. Only Tonya was commanded to stay away and in turn made her more vulnerable to whatever consequence was decided, making her seem less able than the white nurses. All three types of discrimination are all connected in which they categorize African Americans as a whole in the work place and in the …show more content…
Black children that are born to middle-income parents may experience downward mobility while white children are not as likely to experience it. This is due to discrimination in the in the realm of labor. In Figure 1, it shows that black men ($25,600) and black women ($21,000) make less than their white counterparts ($40,081 and $22,030) by a significant amount from ages thirty to thirty-nine (Isaacs, p. 2). Although both male incomes have decreased over the last thirty years, the black male income took a much more significant hit. Also, there is a lack of income growth for black men as well as marriage rates (Isaacs, p. 3). While personal income is down, marriage is also decreasing for black couples. This makes it more difficult to sustain mobility for black families. If there is less money and fewer marriages, it is more difficult for black children to stay in their social class. Instead, they often experience downward mobility. Black adult children are much less probable to have higher income than their parents as opposed to white children (Isaacs, p. 4). This is a key way discrimination affects black people. Black children are more likely to grow up in poverty versus their parents. According to Figure 4, white children are much more likely to have a higher income than their parents and this occurs with parents in the bottom quintile (Isaacs, p. 5). This proves that white children have an easier time achieving upward mobility versus blacks and downward mobility. This