Chem 1 Essay

Submitted By Inneedofana
Words: 884
Pages: 4
Open Document
Sunday 6-7pm SC 150
Wednesday 8-9pm SC150
Becca Jaboni
(440) 251-0714 jaboni@udayton.edu
August 23rd-Friday

Chaper 1:
Anything occupying space and having mass is matter
Matter exists in three states 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas
Kangaroos Hop Down Mountains During Cold Months
Killo Hecto Deca Meter Deci Centi Milli
10^3 “”^2 “”^1 10^-1 10^-2 10^-3….

Solid- ridged, particles cannot slide past each other
Liquid-has definite volume, but shape Assumes shape of container
Gas-has no fixed volume or shape Takes the volume and shape of the container
Mixtures
Homogenous mixture -Having visibly indistinguishable parts; solution
Heterogeneous mixture -Having visibly distinguishable parts Physical change
Change in the form or of a substance, not in its chemical composition Ex. Boiling or freezing water
Can be used to separate a mixture into pure compounds, but it will not break compounds into elements 1. Distillation ex. Ethanol boiled out of water 2. Filtration ex. Filter sugar out of water 3. Chromatography
Chemical change
A given substance becomes a new substance or substances with different properties and different composition Ex. Bunsen burner Chapter 2: The Early History of Chemistry
Greeks were the first to explain why chemical changes occur
Alchemy dominated for 2000 years Several elements discovered Mineral acids prepared
Robert Boyle was the first chemist

Three important laws
Laws of conversion of mass (Lavoisier)-mass is neither creater nor destroyed in a chemical reaction
Law of definite proportion (Proust)-A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass
Law of multiple proportions (Dalton)-each element is made up of tiny particles called atoms
The atoms of a given element are identical
Compounds are formed when different elements are combined
The atoms themselves are not changed in a chemical reaction

Gay-Lussac Measured (under same conditions of T and P) the volumes of gases that reacted with each other
Avogadros’s Hypothesis
At the the same T and P, equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of particles

J.J. Thomas 1898-1903
Postulated the existence of negatively charged particles, that we now call electrons, using cathode-ray tubes
Determined….

Robert Millikan 1909
Performed experiments involving charged oil drops
Combine results of Thompson and Millikan results to obtain electron mass

Henri Becquerel 1896
Discovered radioactivity by observing the spontaneous emission of radiation by uranium
Three types of radioactive emission
1.
2.
3.

Thomson’s Plum pudding model of an atom

Ernest Rutherford model
Explained the nuclear atom

Atom contains protons, electrons, neutrons.
The nucleus is:
Small compared with the overall size of the atom
10^-12% of the atom is the nucleus
(ball bearing to athletic stadium)

Isotopes
Atoms with the same number for protons but different number of neutrons
Show almost identical properties; chemistry of atom is due to its electrons
In nature most elements contain mixture of isotopes
Isotopes are defined by:
Atomic number (z)-number of protons
Mass number( )…
Isotope X has 23 protons and 28 neutrons
Mass number=51 (don’t include electrons)

August 26
Chemical Bonds

Covalent bonds Bonds form between atoms by sharing electrons Resulting collection of atoms is called a molecule
Five ways of representing molecules
1.chemical formulas
2. Structural “” – shows 3D geometry and bonding pattern
3.Space-filling models shows volume filled by electron cloud
4. Ball and stick- shows bonding pattern and 3d geometry
5.SMILES
Show More

Related Documents: Chem 1 Essay

Essay on Chem Chapter 1 P

Chapter one Matter & Change 1-1: • Nature science divides into two broad categories: – biological science: living things – physical science: nonliving Definition of Chemistry: • Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and energy changes that accompany these processes. Branches of Chemistry • • • • • • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. organic chemistry inorganic chemistry physical chemistry analytical chemistry Biochemistry…

Words 1104 - Pages 5

Chem 421 Unit 1 Lab Report

CHEM 421, lab midterm exam, 3-6-2018 Name (print): _____Rose Starbuck______________________ 1. (a). Fill in the blanks. What are the pKas associated with a typical aliphatic carboxylic acid and aliphatic amine, respectively? What are the pKas associated with the following groups that are found in amino acids: β-carboxyl, γ-carboxyl, α-amino, Ɛ-amino, imidazole, and guanidino? Functional group pKa a typical aliphatic carboxylic acid 4.52 a typical…

Words 1387 - Pages 6

Complete Chem 2 Lab 1 Essay

Lab, Week # 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE VIRTUAL LAB Part 1: Lab Safety—12 points 1. (2 points) There are four safety equipment items that a lab should have. Identify two of these four items. - Fire extinguisher - Emergency shower 2. (1 point) Identify one of the three ways to keep your work area safe. Always disinfect your work space before AND after work. 3. (2 points) There are five recommendations for dressing properly in a lab environment. Name two of these recommendations. Wear a lab…

Words 764 - Pages 4

Chem 2A Chapter 3 1 Essay

Prac%ce! A. (4 x 972) + (76.4 x 29.3) – (12 x 7) = B. (72.67 – 72.63) x (4.2694) = (9.72 + 0.01) C. 4.1 x 10-­‐3 – 6.9 x 10-­‐2 = 7.2 x 10-­‐6 + 8.943 x 104 D. 10,000,000 x 0.0003845 x 4.55…

Words 1010 - Pages 5

CHEM 1412 Gaseous Chemical Equilibria 1 Essay

Reactions, 7th edition by Masterton, Hurley, and Neth.) Goal: To determine pressures of various gases at equilibrium Procedure: 1. Write and balance the appropriate chemical equation (if it is not already provided). 2. Create an ICE table (as with the acid-base equilibria problems). 3. Determine the information requested. Several examples are given below. Example 1: Consider the following reaction: The initial pressure of phosphorus pentachloride is 0.800 atm, and the equilibrium pressure…

Words 562 - Pages 3

Questions On Chemistry

SNAPSHOT #4 OUTLINE Subject: Science Grade: Chemistry Snapshot: Snapshot #4 Standards: Ⓡ CHEM.10B, Ⓡ CHEM.10E, Ⓡ CHEM.10F, Ⓢ CHEM.10D, Ⓢ CHEM.10A, Ⓡ CHEM.8B, Ⓡ CHEM.8D Recommended Administration Window: February 2-6, 2015 Standard Question Number Question Type Level of Rigor (DOK)1 Details Ⓡ CHEM.10B Develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions. Q1 MC 1 Student uses a table of solubility rules to identify which of a set of chemicals is soluble…

Words 705 - Pages 3

Notes On Biotechnology

Ecology and Evolution | 4 | BIO 214. Cell and Molecular Biology | 4 | BIO 224. Genetics and Development | 4 | CHEM 131. General Chemistry I | 3 | CHEM 131L. General Chemistry Laboratory | 1 | CHEM 132. General Chemistry II | 3 | CHEM 132L. General Chemistry Laboratory | 1 | CHEM 341. Organic Chemistry Lecture I | 3 | CHEM 342. Organic Chemistry Lecture II | 3 | CHEM 346L. Organic Chemistry Laboratory | 2 | Choose one of the following sets of courses: | | MATH 231. Calculus with…

Words 449 - Pages 2

Case Study: Rate Of Sales Growth In 2007

2010 (1+25.01%)*3,814,000=4,767,881 (1+25.01%)*4,767,881=5,960,328 (1+25.01%)* 5,960,329=7,451,007 Q2: Net income growth in 2007 = ((current year's net income - last year's net income)/last year's net income)x100 = ((1,150,000 – 766,000)/766,000)*100 = 50.13% So, the forecasted sales are 2008 2009 2010 (1+50.13%)*1,150,000=1…

Words 364 - Pages 2

Organic Chemistry Essay

12/19/2014 www.assist.org Page 1 Articulation Agreement by Major Effective during the 14-15 Academic Year To: UCLA |From: MiraCosta College Quarter| Semester ================================================================================ ====Psychobiology/B.S.==== Listed below are the lower division preparation courses for the major. All courses must be taken for a letter grade. THIS MAJOR IS HIGHLY SELECTIVE; a significant number of preparatory courses should be completed prior to transfer. At…

Words 604 - Pages 3

Chemical properties of The and it's derivatives Essays

emphasis is placed on practical procedures in current use in the preparation of various analogs. For SAR studies the emphasis is on the areas of greatest influence in the structure of THCs (C-1, C-3 and C-9 positions), endocannabinoids (the head group and the end pentyl chain) and the pyrazole based antagonists (1-, 3-, 4- and 5-positions). A summary of the current SAR in each of the above areas is presented. The main active constituent responsible for the pharmacological effects of the marijuana…

Words 8045 - Pages 33