There are many difficulties involved in measuring the amount and costs of white collar crime. According to Friedrichs, an estimation of the economic costs of crime is the usual solution (2010). However, white collar crimes cover a wide variety of circumstances and there may be numerous underlying economic losses associated with them. Additionally, many white collar crimes go unreported to authorities because of embarrassment or hurting the reputation of the defrauded business. Another difficulty in determining the costs associated with white collar crime is determining the value of goods stolen. Bribery is especially difficult to measure, as the amount of the bribe and the impact it has on future catastrophic events are difficult to precisely
