The issues most affecting the Jewish community in the past few years will likely continue to have a profound effect on Jewish life and beliefs in the years to come. Issues such as anti-Semitism in America and the threat of it globally spreading are a constant threat to Judaism. Anti-Semitism arose during the crusades and the Jewish people have been living in the shadow of this oppression ever since. Other factors threatening the Jewish community include: ignorance of the Jewish religion, intermarriage, and constant wars in the Jewish homeland. Most Jewish people are ignorant of the strong Judaist beliefs that upheld them in the Old Testament.