Doctor: Dental Implant and Immediate Implant Placement Essay

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Evaluation of initial stability and crestal bone loss in immediate implant placement: An in vivo study
Durga Prasad Tadi, Soujanya Pinisetti1, Mahalakshmi Gujjalapudi2, Sampath
Kakaraparthi3, Balaram Kolasani4, Sri Harsha Babu Vadapalli
Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, 1Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Drs. S and NR Siddhartha Institute of
Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpally, Gannavaram, 2Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, 4Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Dental Surgeon, Government Dental College and Hospital, Gunadala, Vijayawada, 3Department of
Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, SIBAR Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
Corresponding author (e‑mail: )
Prof. Durga Prasad Tadi, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Drs. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha
Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpally, Gannavaram ‑ 521 101, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract
Objectives: (1) To measure the crestal bone levels around implants immediately, and one month, three months, and six months after immediate implant placement, to evaluate the amount of bone level changes in six months. (2) To measure the initial stability in immediate implant placement. Materials and Methods: Ten patients were selected and a total of ten implants were placed in the immediate extraction sites. The change in the level of crestal bone was measured on standardized digital periapical radiographs taken at baseline, first month, third month, and sixth months for each patient, using the SOPRO imaging software. The initial stability of implants was measured with resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and an engine‑driven torque. The measurements were statistically analyzed. The student’s t‑test was used, to identify the significance of the study parameters. Results: When mesial and distal bone losses were averaged, the radiographic evaluation with the SOPRO imaging software showed an average of 0.80 mm, with a standard deviation of ± 0.18 mm bone loss at the first month, followed by 1.03 mm with a standard deviation of ± 0.19 mm at the third month, and 1.23 mm with standard deviation of ± 0.6 mm at the sixth month. The initial stability with the RFA instrument showed a mean of 55 implant stability quotient (ISQ) values and the torque showed a value of 36.50 Nm. Conclusions: The implant has to be placed 2 mm below the crestal bone level to compensate the crestal bone loss. The initial stability is achieved by apical preparation of the socket wall and use of straight screw implants. When the defect is more than 2 mm, autogenous grafts with membranes are the best choice.

Key words: Crestal bone loss, immediate implants, initial stability in immediate implants

INTRODUCTION
The advent of implants has revolutionized the field of dentistry. Nearly 40 years ago, Branemark discovered that fully edentulous patients could be dentally rehabilitated using machined screws made of
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commercially pure titanium, which osseointegrated to the jawbone, enabling the attachment of a fixed prosthesis. Since then, endosseous dental implants of various shapes and surface textures have been used in partially edentulous patients. According to him a waiting period of 12 months following tooth extraction was necessary before an endosseous dental implant could be placed and loaded with a prosthesis. The rationale for this waiting was to allow resolution of any hard or soft tissue pathology in the proposed recipient site.[1] Several studies conducted to know the effects of tooth extraction on the dimensional changes observed with both the hard and soft tissues revealed that after

1 Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry

September-December 2014, Vol. 4, No. 3

Tadi, et al.: Immediate
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