An example of this would be a male donkey and a female horse were bred together to create the mule. Another example would be different breeding together different breeds of dogs, which will then result in a new breed of dog. This type of genetic engineering is known as selective breeding. In today's day and age, genetic engineering is associated with inserting a certain gene within an organism rather than artificially causing them to breed. Without going into detail, the donor of the gene has its gene isolated, and then the gene is copied. Afterwards, it is added to the organism. This allows the species that received the transferred gene to make a protein that normally would have been made by the donor. Genetic modification is most commonly used on plants and animals, in order to artificially cause them to be full of nutrients and resistant against potential threats. In supermarkets in Canada and the US, there is not a label stating whether a food you purchase has been genetically modified. In Ender's Shadow, Bean was a result of this type of genetic experimentation.