Essay Globalization

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“In 2011, foreign affiliates of transnational corporations (TNCs) employed an estimated 69 million workers, who generated $28 trillion in sales and $7 trillion in value added, some 9 per cent up from 2010.” (Zhan 2012, P.35) Transnational corporations are the main forces of globalization. Globalization means growth to a global or worldwide scale. However, most of TNCs belong to developed countries. They have a large number of funds and technology, through the investment in developing countries forcing these countries are only suitable for the development of high labor high pollution and high consumption low economic efficiency of industry. On the other hand, there are many opponents point out that globalization also brings a large number of investment technology transfer and employment opportunities to these developing countries. The issue of globalization is very important because it can affect every country. This essay will argue that globalization is not beneficial for developing countries because it would damage the environment and the labor rights of developing countries. Even lose the autonomy of national economic development, have a big gap in competitive interests with developed countries.

Firstly, in the process of globalization, it leads to many environmental problems. When people enjoy the economic development, they can realize it also brings many environment pollution. The cost of environmental management is many times the economic benefits brought by globalization. For example, in 2008, the Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning (CAEP) has calculated that the government should cost 1.3 trillion Yuan to solve pollution spills, deteriorating soil and other impacts surged in one of the longest-term accountings of ecological degradation. It accounts for 3.9 per cent of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Watts 2010, p.1). To sum up, environmental pollution consumes a lot of economic development efforts. At the same time, it also destroyed the environment. In addition, the overuse of resources will cause developing countries to pay a heavy price. Geological and human hazards will threaten the progress of restore land and it will cost a lot of money. For example, in Shaanxi province, the local government have a 10-year plan that will cost 10 billion Yuan to relocate 2.4 million people move out of threatened areas. (Watts 2010, p.2). As a result, globalization not only disadvantages developing countries, but also destroys the environment. Even if globalization can bring some benefit to developing countries in short time, the damage to environment will have a bad affect in the long-term development.

Secondly, globalization also causes many labour issues. In many developing countries, because of a large number of labor-intensive enterprises to establish, the shortage of labor force began to appear. The most important issue is child labourer. “Residents say children as young as 12 have been recruited by child labor rings, equipped with fake identification cards, and transported hundreds of miles across the country to booming coastal cities, where they work 12-hour shifts to produce much of the world’s toys, clothes and electronics” (Barboza 2008, p.1). Access to social protection and received a good education is the rights of children. But these children in order to low income and joined the work which originally should not belong to them. What’s more, another terrible phenomenon is sweatshop. “Daisey interviews dozens of (former) workers who are secretly supporting a union. One group talked about using "hexane," an iPhone screen cleaner. Hexane evaporates faster than other screen cleaners, which allows the production line to go faster. Hexane is also a neuro-toxin. The hands of the workers who tell him about it shake uncontrollably” (Blodget 2012, p.2). As a result, globalizations damage the rights and interests of the laborer which is living in the developing country, it also harm the country's quality
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