Evolution of computers Essay

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Brittney Million
12/17/14
SD1230

Evolution of
Computers

Human
Computers
• 19 Century, The European Industrial th Revolution was underway.
• Their development relied on the Tables.
• Tables were done by Mathematicians. Called
“Computers”
• Human Computer tables were full of errors.

Charles Babbage
• Charles Babbage noticed many calculation errors made for the
Royal Astronomical Society.
• He invented a machine that would calculate the tables and directly print the results.
• The machine was called the “Difference Engine”

Difference
Engine
• 1832 Difference engine had enough parts to assemble a section. • That small section functioned perfectly. • It solved Equations and provided
6 digit results.

Analytical
Engine
• Charles Babbage Invented the
“Analytical Engine”.
• Vastly Superior to difference engine. Herman
Hollerith
• Former MIT Instructor
• 1887- He invented punch Cards to tally
American Census.

Enigma
• Germans used it during WWII.
• It’s plugs were rearranged to conform the code book combos.
• This plug arrangement constantly buried how letters were coded throughout a transmission.
• The number and letter variations was astronomical. So high the German's consider their code machine unbreakable.

Colossu s • Helped British Code breakers to
Conceal Messages during WWII.
• 1St Electronic digital computer that was programmable.
• Used over 2,000 vacuum tubes to process 25,000 characters per second. John
Mauchly

• He Proposed that he could create a machine to figure out a single trajectory in one hundred seconds.
• Called it ENIAC.

• Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer. = ENIAC
• First electronic general purpose computer.
• Capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing Problems.
• 100ft long & 30tons,it contained almost 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, 6,000 switches & 18,000 vacuum tubes.

John Von
Neumann

• His computer was to have a processing unit, a controlling unit and memory input & output.
• It could hold its program internally in its memory.

UNIVAC
• Built by Eckert & Mauchly then later on joined forces with
Remington Rand a flourishing type writer computer.
• Designed for Businesses.
• Compact tape drives held data, The results were automatically printed.
• In 1952 Remington Rand arranged with CBS to use UNIVAC on election night to predict the outcome of the presidential race between Dwight Eisenhower and Adlai
Stevenson.

IBM

• International
Business Machine.
• 1953 IBM unveiled
“701”

Summary
• 1st computer was Human Mathematicians.
• 1st Machine that could tally was created by Hollerith.
• ENIGMA & Colossus are the computers that could solve computing problems.
• ENIAC first electronic machine that could solve computing problems.
• John Von Neumann was creator of a computer that had processing and controlling unit, memory input & output.
• UNIVAC designed for business purpose only, then later on was used for elections.

Sources:
• Herman Hollerith | Publish with Glogster! (n.d.). Retrieved from http:// www.glogster.com/jwheeler8/herman-hollerith/g-6lnqi5fk7dh3d5apl1khpa0 • 2.7 The Analytical Engine | Bit by Bit. (n.d.). Retrieved from
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