Finance: Average Life Expectancy Essay

Submitted By Miyuki-Moriyama
Words: 806
Pages: 4
Open Document
Describe costs that are classified by function, for example products and period costs, and give examples of each and post it to this blackboard.
1. Product costs: It consists of manufacturing costs such as direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead.
2. Period costs: It consists of selling and administrative expense such as advertising expense, sales salaries expense, commissions expense, office salaries expense, office supplies expense, depreciation expense, and building and equipment.
3. Prime costs: It consists of direct materials and direct labor costs.
4. Conversion costs: It consists of direct labor and factory overhead costs.

Life expectancy at birth is the expected number of the year of people in a statistical perspective. Recently, life expectancy around the world has been increased compared with the past thanks to development of the society including health care systems, foods, economy, and so on. First of all, the most important thing to notice is that life expectancy must be an average of ages of the population because life spans of people might be shorter or longer than expected ages because of some accidents, diseases, wars, or medical care. I have been interested in this topic and various causes for it which influence to life spans of people of different countries, because Japan which is my home country has one of the longest life expectancy in the world in this past dicades. People have national health insurance and they can get medical services at a low price in Japan. For example, national insurance can cover about 70 percent of the cost of the operation for appendicitis or other diseases, and people under 17 years old who do some sports can be treated with surgery at a low cost when they get injured. In this way, it is conceivable that long life expectancy of Japanese people is related with the development of national health insurance; however, they have to pay various kinds of taxes every month in order to get insurance system. In another word, the factors to decide human’s life expectancy are not only insurance, but also finance of the government. In this way, there are several factors to determine human life expectancy at birth, and this paper analyzes these factors or causes which are connected with each other. Therefore, I would like to research the reasons of big gaps of average life expectancy between different countries and different time, and how it is determined by different social or environmental factors.

Background Description One of the best ways to grasp the significance of the change of life expectancy is to understand its history. As it was stated above, the life expectancy of people around the world has become longer from the past with human evolution.
According to Rorabaugh, Critchlow, and Baker, life expectancy was only about 35 years in 1600s in England because about two-thirds of children died before four years old. The life expectancy of Colonial America was also about 25 years in Virgin colony, and about 40 percent of children in New England died before reached adulthood (p.47-48). In fact, according to Halley, using the data for city of Breslau, Germany from 1687 to 1691, people started to study the total population and calculated an average life expectancy at birth of 33.5 years, and newborn infants are expected the life expectancy of 23.5 years on average
Show More

Related Documents: Finance: Average Life Expectancy Essay

Unnatural Causes Essay

statistics. We live shorter, often sicker lives than almost every other industrialized nation. “We rank 30th in [global] life expectancy” (Adelman 2008). Knowing this brings rise to the question: why are…

Words 1064 - Pages 5

TOGO economic facts Essay

indicators: Life expectancy: 56 Language: French Adult literacy rate: 60.4% Religion: James: The largest religious group in Togo are those with indigenous beliefs, and there are significant Christian and Muslim minorities. Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births) (2010-2015): 67.3% Infant mortality (under 5) rank: 19th Internet users per 100: 4 Tourist arrivals at national borders (000) 2011: 300 Contraceptive prevalence (ages 15-49): 16.8% Common characters- LEDC Limited life expectancy - 56 Labour…

Words 369 - Pages 2

Maria Del Ribeiro Essay

Mall in Washington D.C with only 1,95 square kilometers (0,75 square miles). The population size is about 31,693 in july 2000 with an average growth of rate of 0.48 percent in the same year. the Monegasque population is among the oldest populations in the world. The average life expectancy was 74.88 for men and 83 for women in 2000, indicating an overall life expectancy of 78.84 according to the nation encyclopedia. Fiscal policy can be defined as the government spending policies that impacting…

Words 604 - Pages 3

Paul Martin Biography

job than Harper. Paul Martin is a caring leader who understands the importance of relationships on provincial and municipal levels as well as those with the people of that nation that he leads. Martin also comes from a background in finance, who wouldn’t want a finance…

Words 888 - Pages 4

Medicine and Healthcare Essay

Singapore’s Healthcare System Singapore is an island country located in Southeast Asia, between Indonesia and Malaysia with a population of 5.3 million. Recognized and praised for their electrical manufacturing industry, finance and healthcare, Singapore was named the third wealthiest nation in the world by Forbes Magazine for 2012. Singapore has established and received acclaim for a remarkable healthcare system. With government intervention, private sectors and programs that promote healthy…

Words 1458 - Pages 6

Essay on Ageing Population

population creates for society. There are many reasons why there is an increase in the ageing population, as Item B states “In common with many western societies, the United Kingdom has an ageing population. Rising life expectancy and a relatively low birth rate have meant that the average age of the population is rising”. Also the decline in fertility has led to an increased amount of people who are over the age of 65 and this poses many different issues within society. First of all, older people…

Words 969 - Pages 4

Healthcare reform Essay

According to Garber and Skinner (2008), the normal life expectancy of an American citizen is around 78.2 years, ranked the 27th highest than the average for developed countries of 79.5 years. The United States also lags behind in various measures like infant mortality rate, as well as probable years of life lost with regards to the WHO report (Institute of Medicine., 2002). Moreover, opponents to the universal healthcare system…

Words 1292 - Pages 6

Net Present Value and Art Gallery Essay

future profits and future cash inflows; therefore the assessments will only be as good as the accuracy of the estimates of these items. Some methods do not take into account the time value and the duration of project. Some methods ignore the life expectancy of the project and the cash inflows received. A Formal Report From: The Financial Manager of Muddlethrew County Council (student) To: The CEO of Muddlethrew County Council (Miss Irene Vera. Aproblem) Date: 18/05/2012…

Words 3136 - Pages 13

Health Care in the United States Essay

The United States in one of the richest, most populous and most powerful countries in the world and plays a central leadership role in the world. On the world stage, the U.S. often challenges other countries about their records regarding human rights. Yet the United States is failing its own citizens by not granting every citizen access to basic health care. Many citizens in the United States needlessly suffer and die each day due to the inequities of the health care system in the U.S. This is a…

Words 2426 - Pages 10

Essay on holla

Df=18-1=17 alpha/2=.025 2.110 x (9.2/sqrt18) = 4.58 Compute the 95% confidence interval for the population mean. 12.5 +(-) 4.58 = [7.92, 17.08] According to a recent survey based on a random sample of 36 high school girls, high school girls average 100 text messages daily with a standard deviation of 10 text messages daily. Calculate the margin of error with 99% confidence. Df=36-1=35 alpha/2= .005 t=2.724 2.724 x (10/sqrt36) = 4.54 What is the 99% confidence interval for the population…

Words 1828 - Pages 8