The amount of water they were to ingest was based on the weight difference between the beginning of the control protocol and the end. The fourth and final step was similar to step three but this time they ingested isotonic solution, such as Gatorade. The heart rate of the subjects were recorded at different times during their recovery and the data was then analyzed. The results from the study showed that “the hydration protocols promoted a more efficient recovery with an earlier return of autonomic modulation and HR to baseline”. In other words, being hydrated helped with the subjects’ recovery and even made them recover sooner. There are many physiological effects that happen because of exercise and hydration such as how fast someone’s heart beats, intravascular volume, plasma hyperosmolarity, baroreflex control, and more. These results really reinforce how important it is to be hydrated before, during, and especially after exercise or strenuous