Gender Differences In Lung Cancer

Words: 1461
Pages: 6
Open Document
Although the high awareness of breast cancer risks, women appear to be unconscious of their high lung cancer threats. The poor prognosis for lung cancer prompts comparative patterns to breast cancer occurrence and mortalities worldwide. Previously, Lung cancer was considered as a threat influencing just men, however recent epidemiological data have demonstrated a sensational increment of the frequency of this malignant disease among women decreasing the gender gap incidents since the 1980s, predominantly as an outcome of the immense tobacco consumption in the last decade (2).

Toward the early twentieth century fewer cases of lung cancer were identified in Western countries, however, with the huge spread of tobacco consumption there was …show more content…
The evaluated incidences of lung cancer cases have expanded by 51% since 1985, where 49.9% of lung malignancy cases originated in developed countries. Gender; however, has significantly been showing differences in lung cancer incidences with an approximate increase of 44% in male-gender and 76% in female-gender 916). Histology, coupled with gender, plays an important tool in lung cancer prognoses, where squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma represents 80-90% of the over all global lung cancer incidences (9). Respectively, gender disparities in the rate and stage of histological subtypes have been described (9,18,19). Studies have shown that squamous cell carcinomas is proportional within genders, where male-genders incidence being anywhere from 3-50 times more than female-genders. Moreover, it has been shown that women are at higher danger than men of developing Adenocarcinoma, bronchioalveolar carcinomas and small cell lung cancer (9, 13). Since women develop lung cancer at a younger age, thus studies inferred that female-gender is inevitably prone in developing lung cancer (26,27). Furthermore, few studies have noted greater survival rates in women with NSCLC after going through surgical resection (9,20-23). …show more content…
Studies indicate that women lung cancer biology is different from that in men, which makes them more susceptible to develop it than men. These biological distinctions; therefore, influence disparities in lung cancer morbidity and progression between genders (28). For example, tobacco metabolism is higher in women than in men, this contributes to women smokers’ morbidity when diagnosed with lung cancer (29). Nevertheless, Women's hormones, such as estrogen, might impact cancer’s progression.
A recent report showed that post-menopausal women who were going under hormonal therapy for over 10 years were at a higher danger of forming lung cancer (30). Another study showed that women diagnosed with breast cancer and are treated with tamoxifine (an estrogen-blocking medication) diminishes their lung cancer mortality risk (31). These studies associate lung cancer with women hormones irrespectively to their smoking status.
Despite the evidences of gender disparities in lung cancer, gender-designed diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are yet to exist. Further investigation into gender influences will allow a better understanding of existing gender discrepancies in turn stimulating research progress towards personalized sex-based
Show More

Related Documents: Gender Differences In Lung Cancer

Lung Cancer Research Paper

Lung cancer was a relatively rare disease at the beginning of the 20th century but by the end of the century, it had become the main cancer-related public health problem worldwide. (Wingo et al. 2003). Cancer is recognized as an ‘unbiased killer’ because it knows no gender, age or race of its victims. This disease begins in the cells of the body. In normal conditions, the cells grow and divide as the body needs them. However, this systematic process is interrupted when gene changes make one cell…

Words 998 - Pages 4

Lung And Bronchus Essay

Lung and Bronchus New cases: An estimated 221,200 new cases of lung cancer are expected in 2015, accounting for about 13% of all cancer diagno- ses. The incidence rate has been declining since the mid-1980s in men, but only since the mid-2000s in women. From 2007 to 2011, lung cancer incidence rates decreased by 3.0% per year in men and by 2.2% per year in women. Deaths: Lung cancer accounts for more deaths than any other cancer in both men and women. An estimated 158,040 deaths are expected to…

Words 714 - Pages 3

Non-Small Cell and Small Cell Lung Cancer Essay

Small Cell Lung Cancer Lung cancer is a subject that almost everyone is familiar with on some level. Approximately “1 in 14 men and women will be diagnosed with cancer of the lung and bronchus in their lifetime” (Howlader N, 2011). Like any other devastating and deadly disease, most assume that it cannot happen to them. However, this may not necessarily be the case. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more people in the United States die from lung cancer than any…

Words 1474 - Pages 6

Essay about breaking a bad habit

around the world. Cigarette smoking is highley addictive and causes several health problems and can even cause death. Some of the most damaging health effects from smoking cigarettes can include osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and lung cancer. Recent studies show a direct relationship between tobacco use and decreased bone density. Smoking is one of many factors including weight, alcohol consumption, and activity level that increase your risk for osteoporosis. Osteoporosis…

Words 721 - Pages 3

Health Disparities Research Paper

distribution of health outcomes across different ethnic, socioeconomic, and gender groups is a result of various factors, with socioeconomic status (SES) being one of the primary determinants. Differences in education, income, and occupation can influence health outcomes by shaping access to healthcare, healthy living conditions, and nutritious food choices. Disparities can exist across many dimensions, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability status, socioeconomic status, and…

Words 290 - Pages 2

Cancer Among Asian Indian/Pakistanis Living In The United States

Cancer Causes Control (2009) 20:635–643 DOI 10.1007/s10552-008-9275-x ORIGINAL PAPER Cancer among Asian Indians/Pakistanis living in the United States: low incidence and generally above average survival William B. Goggins Æ Grace Wong Received: 1 August 2007 / Accepted: 19 November 2008 / Published online: 6 December 2008 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract Background South Asian immigrants living in the United Kingdom and Canada have been found to have lower rates of cancers…

Words 6348 - Pages 26

Health Disparities In America

represent a widely understood concept, its definition and exact meaning has caused much controversy. This is due to the fact that the most accepted definition of health disparities focuses on the differences that negatively and systematically affect those groups that are less advantaged and that not all differences in health status are considered to be disparities. Historically, in the United States, racial and ethnic disparities have been the primary point of discussion. The objective of this paper is…

Words 1129 - Pages 5

Psych - Diversity Essay

organism. Protein construction = genes M Mutated genes= weird proteins=mutations d. Behavioral genetics/”the impact of the environment on human genetics-mutations are alterations in gene sequences. Smoking can cause this TP-52 = lung cancer / All human cancers are genetic If you have a young man that is 18 or 19 and goes off to college and he gets stressed out and gets schizophrenia. Therefore the environment caused the stress. e. Human genome/30,000. On a chromosome…

Words 871 - Pages 4

Essay about Nora: Lung Cancer and Self-reported Shs Exposure

and adults.1 Worldwide, 603 000 deaths have been attributed to SHS exposure.2 In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 46 000 adults died from ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 3400 adults died from lung cancer annually between 2000 and 2004 as a result of SHS exposure.1,3 In addition, 776 infants were reported to have died as a result of maternal exposure in utero each year.1,3 Premature death results in years of productive life lost as well as economic…

Words 5521 - Pages 23

Response To Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis

time. The book educated me on what was going on during that time and how people felt about it. Marjane and her family opposed the Regime and disagreed with the rules and the opinions that he enforced. In Iran at this time students were separated by gender lines and were not…

Words 547 - Pages 3