areas, but not all artists who are arrested for his/her actions are misbehaved and ultimately, are undeserving of the consequences (Ferrell).
In the year 1985, the state of New York hired George Kelling as a consultant to the NYC transit authority. He implemented new approaches, which sufficiently decreased graffiti tags on subways; when a new tag came forth, it was immediately cleaned up. This process occurred on an everyday basis. Finally, Kelling’s policy became extremely efficacious and graffiti began to disappear. The mayor and New York Police Department (NYPD) implemented Kelling’s same techniques to a Zero-Tolerance policy. Police officers became stricter with enforcing the law when it came to fare evasion, drinking in the subways and so on. The NYPD had noticed that crime fell significantly (Kelling, Gastman).
New York crime and drug decline is one of the best examples of a successful implementation of the Broken Window theory. The Broken Windows theory states that signs of disorder, like graffiti, dirty streets, and broken windows induce more disorder. Not only more graffiti and other petty crimes, but also more serious crimes like…show more content… After a good amount of time had passed, the cars proved themselves to surpass mediocrity. The IRT Redbirds went through a general overhaul program and were retrofitted with new components, a new paint job, and air conditioning. The existing BMT/IND equipment at the time was also taken through a general overhaul program, and those cars that were originally manufactured without air conditioning were retrofitted with it. The MTA embarked on the first of what became many capital plans in November of 1982, bringing the subway to a state of good repair. Mean distance between failures (MDBF) measurements began to improve markedly, and continue to improve to this day. Graffiti was finally eradicated from all subway cars by the end of the decade
