Golf Swing Research Paper

The preparation phase of the golf swing involves the golfer moving into the proper position to swing the club. During this phase, the feet are positioned to stabilize the body. Bilaterally, the ankles are dorsiflexed at the talocrural joint by the tibialis anterior, allowing the shins to lean forward. The knees are slightly flexed bilaterally at the tibiofemoral joint. The prime mover for knee flexion is the biceps femoris. Both hips are flexed in order to lean the upper body forward. The prime movers for hip flexion are the ilacus and psoas major. During the preparation phase, the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius are also engaged to stabilize the body and maintain the proper posture. The trunk region and spine are held in a neutral position, …show more content…
The left foot returns to a neutral position. The left knee remains flexed while the right knee moves from extension to flexion. The prime mover for knee flexion is the biceps femoris muscle and this action occurs at the tibiofemoral joint. Flexion also occurs bilaterally at the hip joints. The main muscles engaged for hip flexion are the ilacus and psoas major. In addition, the gluteus medius activates and internal rotation occurs at the right hip joint. At the same time, the piriformis allows the left thigh to externally rotate at the hip joint. The external and internal obliques rotate the trunk back to neutral. During the downswing, bilateral scapular protraction occurs at the scapulothoraic and sternoclavicular joints. The key muscle involved in this movement is the pectoralis major. The subscapularis muscle internally rotates the right shoulder at the glenohumeral joint. As the club prepares to hit the ball, the triceps brachii muscles extend both elbows at the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints. Both of the wrists and forearms also return to a neutral position. The fingers and thumb remain flexed in the same grip as the previous two phases. Shoulder …show more content…
The prime mover involved with plantarflexion is the gastrocnemius and this motion occurs at the talocrural joint. The left foot remains stabilized on the ground in a neutral position. The quadriceps muscles extend the left knee at the tibiofemoral joint and the right knee remains flexed. The right thigh internally rotates at the hip joint and the muscle responsible for this is the gluteus medius. The piriformis muscle externally rotates the left thigh at the hip joint. The external and internal obliques rotate the trunk to the left. The right scapula is protracted by the pectoralis major at the scapulothoraic and sternoclavicular joints. The left scapula is retracted by the rhomboids. Abduction of the left shoulder occurs as the golfer engages in the backswing. The deltoid and supraspinatus allow for abduction of the left shoulder at the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints. The left shoulder is also externally rotated at the glenohumeral joint, the muscle responsible for this movement is the infraspinatus. During follow through, the right shoulder is horizontally adducted at the glenohumeral joint and acromioclavicular joints. The prime mover for shoulder horizontal adduction is the pectoralis major. In late follow through, the brachialis muscle contracts and flexes both elbows at the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints. The right wrist remains in a neutral position, while the

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