properties are destroyed except the few who managed to escape before the Nazis came like Safran, Jonathan's grandfather.
Guilt is a significant theme in the film. The questions I asked myself after watching the movie were: Did grandfather do anything wrong? and should he feel guilty in any way about the massacre? After establishing a case on grandfather's history of conscious anti-Semitism in the first part of this essay, I believe he was wrong not to do anything and should be guilty for the massacre of Trachimbroders and other massacred Jews in Ukraine. In the novel Everything is Illuminated, Alex's grandfather, responding to the account of the carnage of innocent Jews, tells Alex: "You would not help somebody if it signified that you would
