Essay history unit 3 notecard

Unit 3 history test
Washington: Wanted nation on its feet and constitution moving forward. Federalist. Secretary of state: Jefferson, treasury: Hamilton, war: Knox. Neutrality proclamation of 1778: avoiding war in French and British war (federalists pro-Britain= angered them). Farewell address: no formation of political parties (sectionalism is dangerous), no permanent foreign alliances (remain friendly, but being too close clouds governments judgment in conflicts), importance of morals and religion, 4 year terms for presidency. Bill of rights: first compromise between federalists and antis. Drafted by Madison, protected peoples rights vs gvmt. Judiciary act= 1789, organized supreme court. john jay as 1st chief justice. Whiskey rebellion: Hamilton’s high taxes hurt pioneers- defiant distillers made their own alcohol. Alarmed Washington, troops were sent in to crush the rebels easily with a huge militia. Showed that the federal gvmt. Could suppress rebellion and they needed a ready-to-go militia= now common federal intervention for gvmt within conflicts. Hamilton: very federalist, basically last one due to Jefferson‘s presidency. Thought federal gvmt should take in and acquire debt from revolutionary war (not popular in south because not many battles took place here so they didn’t want to pay for it). Plan= shape policies in a way that favors the wealthier groups. 3 part plan= funding and assumption of debt (pay national debt at full value, assume state debts. make credit better), tariffs and excise taxes (vigorous foreign trade), national bank (modeled on bank of England- more money for loans to stimulate business and private banks). Madison, a federalist in the south, (after the dinner party) allowed this plan to pass by not voting for or against it. Wanted the gvmt to be run only by ‘smart wealthy people’ not common citizens. Thought liberties should be limited. Strong federal gvmt with lots of federal employees who could regulate trade and give taxes. Supported Britain. Wrote a very nasty letter about Aaron Burr, which helped Jefferson win. Jefferson: anti-federalist. 3rd president. Had deep faith in people to run their own gvmt, especially farmers. Wanted strong state gvmts, not national. Thought we should not tax and agriculture should be the nation’s backbone. Anti-federalism strong in south. Thought America should help France. Purchased all French land in North America for $15mil. (at first only wanted new Orleans for $10mil and was hesitant because of how great the nation‘s debt was). International crisis with France and Britain= EMBARGO ACT= cuts off trade with both and kills economy. Had his private secretary explore the new land (Lewis) who successfully, although difficulty, returned to St. Louis after mapping the nation. Manifest Destiny: Gvmt made exploration seem much better than it realistically was. FOR (gain natural resources, civilize land and natives/spread democracy, more territory) and AGAINST (not worth war with Mexico, un-American to take land by force, Christian/American hypocrisy). Texas won independence from Mexico in 1836 and wanted to be part of the U.S. Mexico starts a war but are easily crushed by U.S. forces (we gain California and new Mexico too). Established boundaries for U.S., opened doors for immigrants. Adams: XYZ affair= French angry at Jay’s treaty (alliance between Britain and U.S.)= captured American ships. soured relationship with France. Bribes paid to American diplomats ‘x,y,z.’ Alien & sedition acts. Created navy= French back down. War of 1812: causes= embargo act, U.S. ships being harassed by Europe. Madison= federalist, most important

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