HIV Presentation 2 1 Essay

PRESENTED BY

Minash Keshwani
Ayisat Omotayo
Atinuke Bangbelu
Oluwatosin Odetila
Halimat Haleem
Kafayah Ojugbele

What is HIV/AIDS



HIV means Human immunodeficiency virus



AIDS means Acquired
Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
This is a disease of the human immunodeficiency virus.

Acronym

H

I

– Human – This particular virus can only affect human begins.

– Immunodeficiency – HIV decrease the immune system by destroying important cells that fight diseases and infections.

V

– Virus – Virus can only reproduce itself by taking over the cells in the body of the host.

A

– Acquired – Aids is acquired after birth and not heredity. I

– Immuno – The body’s immune system which include all the organs and cells work together to fight off of the disease or infection.

D

– Deficiency – Deficient in the body’s immune system will lead to AIDS.

S

– Syndrome – A collection of signs and symptoms of disease.

Pathophysiology of HIV/AIDS



HIV is a retrovirus that destroys the body’s immune system by taking over and destroying
CD4+T cells.



Virus attaches to receptors on CD4+T cell, fuses to and enters the cell, incorporates its
RNA into the cells
DNA, then uses the
CD4+ cells DNA to reproduce large amounts of HIV,

Three Phases of HIV


The 3 phases of
HIV are primary
HIV acute
Infection, Latency
Period and Overt
AIDS.



As the CD4+T cell count decreases, the body becomes susceptible to opportunistic infections.

Who is at risk for HIV
Infection
Anyone can contact HIV. A person could be exposed to HIV and even when engaged in unsafe and unprotected sex with an infected person. The most common ways HIV is transmitted is through anal, vaginal sex, substance use, or sharing drug injection with an infected person. All groups can be affected with HIV; some are more vulnerable than others.
People who are at risk
•Men who have sex with men
Gays, lesbians, and bisexuals
•Injection Drug Users
Sharing needles
•Women
Heterosexual
•Ethnic Minorities
African Americans
•Youth
•Older People
•Criminal Justice System

Risk Factors of HIV /
AIDS
Having unprotected anal, vaginal, or oral sex with an infected person.
Having many sexual partners.
Having sex with prostitutes and drug users.
Sharing unsterile needles, equipments, and syringes for tattooing Having unprotected sex after drinking alcohol or taking drugs.
Having blood transfusion before
1985.
Having an infected mother before been born.

How is HIV spread?
 Having

multiple partners  Through blood transfusion  Infected mother to a child  Open – mouth kissing
 Oral sex

HIV/AIDS is not contacted by

 Saliva,

tears, or sweats

 Closed-mouth

or
“social kissing”

 Toilet

seat

 Insects

or mosquitoes

 Sharing

cups or air with an infected person

 Casual

contact like hand shaking

The Most Affected
Community
 The HIV/AIDS epidemic is a global human tragedy,

especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The pandemic affects

people in the primer of their lives moving from at-risk populations to broader cross-sections of society. There have been more than 47 million adults and children infected since the beginning of the epidemic, and more than 18.8 million people have died. Over 95% of the global total of all AIDS cases are in the developing world, with prevalence among adults at less than 1% in
India and Europe, to more than 10% in several African countries. The most affected community

• HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus mostly hit the black community. And it is felt mostly in the southern Saharan African.
• The continent, as mentioned by the UN
Secretary General, Kofi Annan. Between
1999 and 2000 more people died of AIDS in
Africa than in all the wars.
• Even though Sub-Saharan Africa bears the biggest burden of HIV/AIDS, countries Iike
South and Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, and those in Latin America are significantly affected by HIV and AIDS.

The Most Affected
Community


The scale of the human immunodeficiency
virus

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