The author, Annie Murphy Paul, is making a well developed and supported claim; "deep reading is much more engaging and gives the opportunity to make the readers more empathetic than online reading, or superficial reading."There are various amounts of evidence to support the author's claim such as specific examples, appeal to emotion, and a common one, reasoning. Paul is able to make a claim by having specific examples that can help support or back up the information she gave. One example being, "individuals who often read fiction appear to be better able to understand other people and their situation." Using specific examples is one way that Paul builds up an argument specifying "deep reading."