Hypothesis In Hypothesis Testing

Words: 1606
Pages: 7
Open Document
Hypothesis testing
A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that accounts for a set of facts and can be tested by further investigations. The purpose of testing hypothesis is to assist researchers in making decisions. Quantitative research is well suited for the testing of these hypotheses, most common in experimental designs. In hypothesis testing, the researcher should define the population, state the hypotheses to be tested, specify the significance level, select a sample from the population, select a test statistics, perform the calculation for the statistical test, draw a conclusion, and develop appropriate interpretation of the conclusion. Traditionally, we look at two distinct types of hypothesis: the null hypothesis (H0) and the alternative …show more content…
On the other hand, not rejected, meaning there is not enough evidence to reject the hypothesis (4). However, two types of incorrect decisions can be made: rejecting null hypothesis when it is true (type I error) and not rejecting null hypothesis when it is false (type II error) (Figure 1). The probability of committing a type I error is denoted by α (alpha) and the probability of committing a type II error is denoted by β (beta). The type I error is generally considered the most serious and need to be minimized. However, having a small type II error is also important. When null hypothesis is not rejected, one should not say that the null hypothesis is accepted because we may have committed a type II error. One way of doing this is by increasing the sample size as errors can occur in small samples due to the influence of small number of extreme values (outliers). Therefore, a larger sample will decrease the chances of making both type I and type II …show more content…
A larger sample means higher power and traditionally this has been taken as 0.8 or occasionally 0.9. A power of 0.5 implies that there is only a 50% chance that a true alternative hypothesis will be detected; this is an unacceptable risk. The precision with which sample statistics estimate population parameters is strongly influenced by the sample size. Statistical power analysis provides a method of determining the sample sizes needed to control for errors in hypothesis testing. Power is largest when the effects being studied are large and the sample is large. A justification for the sample size and power calculations should be reported when publishing
Show More

Related Documents: Hypothesis In Hypothesis Testing

Statistics: Statistical Hypothesis Testing and Hypothesis Null Hypothesis Essay

8.1 The logic of hypothesis testing Hypothesis testing is a statistical procedure that allows researchers to use sample data to draw inferences about the population of interest. Hypothesis testing procedure: 1. State a hypothesis about a population. Usually the hypothesis concerns the value of a population parameter. 2. Use the hypothesis to predict the characteristics that the sample should have. 3. Obtain a random sample from the population. 4. Compare the obtained sample data with…

Words 1307 - Pages 6

Statistical Hypothesis Testing Essay

Research Results: Statistical Inference (modified on March 18) The dominant method of inference in psychology is statistical testing (also called hypothesis testing; null hypothesis statistical testing). This involves stating a pair of competing hypotheses about Reality, collecting relevant data, and using the data to make a choice between the two competing hypotheses. This choice is called a “statistical decision”. Statistical decision-making, which involves the possibility of incorrect decisions…

Words 880 - Pages 4

Examples Of Hypothesis Testing Papers

One Sample Hypothesis Testing Paper Do Major League Baseball teams with higher salaries win more frequently than other teams? Although many people believe that the larger payroll budgets win games, which point does vary, depending on the situation. “…performances by individual players vary quite a bit from year to year, preventing owners from guaranteeing success on the field. Team spending is certainly a component in winning, but no team can buy a championship.” (Bradbury). For some, it’s hard…

Words 1228 - Pages 5

Essay on Stat: Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Sugar (Leyi TAN) Student No.: 2099462 2111446 Tutor: Ian Table of Content Item Page No Background Information 01 Date Analysis 05 Hypothesis testing 06 Conclusion 08 Reference List 09 Background As the development of the technology and economy, the government built up more and more nuclear power plants in order to supply what human beings’ needs. But nuclear…

Words 723 - Pages 3

Stats: Statistical Hypothesis Testing Essay

03-27-2013 A PRIMER ON HYPOTHESIS TESTING FOR MEANS Wanting to have as small a carbon footprint as possible, your best friend Sam Quint owns a Toyota Prius. Quint claims that the average gas mileage of all the Priora in the world is µ = 37 miles per gallon (MPG). (Note: according to The Boston Globe, the plural form of “Prius” is “Priora.”) You believe this figure is likely true since, along with being an expert on large sharks and fishing boats that could be bigger, Quint is reasonably…

Words 2598 - Pages 11

Statistical Hypothesis Testing and Moderate Student Essay

energy drinks noticed no increase in energy level Hypothesis In a 2012 voluntary response survey of 27 Statistics students, 26% said they noticed an increase in energy levels after drinking an energy drink. I used a .05 significance level to test the claim that more than 1/4 of the students noticed increased energy levels after drinking an energy drink. Claim: Energy drinks increase energy levels in more than 25% of the surveyed students. Hypothesis: In a 2012 voluntary response survey of 27 Statistics…

Words 963 - Pages 4

Student: Statistical Hypothesis Testing and Clusters Essay

The observed value of global test is compared with the expected value null hypothesis of spatial randomness, and the comparison leads to acceptance or rejection of the null. The problem of global test is that it does not give a direct indication about the size and location of regions which are inconsistent with the null hypothesis of randomness. The second type is local test, which is designed to test the null hypothesis of whether observed counts are raised in the vicinity of a particular, relative…

Words 4122 - Pages 17

ANALYSIS OF PROFIT MARGINS USING HYPOTHESIS TESTING Essay

Project Report on ANALYSIS OF PROFIT MARGINS USING HYPOTHESIS TESTING ENGINEERING PROBABINILTY AND STATISTICS IE 6200 (Spring 2014) Prof. Dr. Rajesh Jugulum Submitted by: ShreyasKarwa – NUID: 001906078 Parth Patel – NUID: 001753090 AniketThoolkar – NUID: 001759679 Dhyey Desai – NUID: 001759669 0 Analysis of Profit Margins using Hypothesis Testing TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. ABSTRACT ..............................…

Words 2827 - Pages 12

Essay on Fuss: Statistical Hypothesis Testing and Experimental Design

the work being reported. This is accomplished by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating; State the purpose of the work in the form of the hypothesis, question, or problem you investigated; and, Briefly explain your rationale and approach and, whenever possible, the possible outcomes your study can reveal. Quite literally, the Introduction must answer the questions, "What was I studying? Why…

Words 4465 - Pages 18

Formulating And Testing Hypothesis In Animal Behaviour By Observing Poecilia Reticonia

Formulating & testing hypothesis in Animal behaviour by observing Poecilia reticulata Introduction. The aim of the first practical is to make qualitative and quantitative observations, and becoming acquainted to the ways in which to observe and record data. These initial observations then need to create a hypothesis that can be tested for experimentation. The study species for this particular practical are Guppy (Poecilia reticulata). During the practical it is necessary to make observations…

Words 1306 - Pages 6