Provided visas to 2% of the people of each nationality
Completely excluded Asian immigrants
1917 Act: a literacy test for required immigrants over 16 years old to display basic reading comprehension in any language, increased the tax pay for new immigrants upon arrival, immigration officials could have more discretion about who was excluded, excluded entry of anyone in the “Asiatic Barred Zone” (except Japanese and Filipinos)
The Japanese were excluded from this act due to the Japanese government voluntarily restricting immigration to the U.S. in 1907 (Gentlemen’s Agreement)
Filipinos were excluded from the act because the Philippines was a U.S.