Another doubly marginalised identity is class and gender. Research indicates that the feminization of poverty contributes to the increased involvement of Black women in drug trafficking, and low-income women face unique challenges arising from the intersection of poverty and gender discrimination like fewer economic possibilities, greater incidence of gender-based violence, and difficulty accessing adequate healthcare, childcare, and education (lecture b). Due to both racial prejudice and economic inequality, those from marginalised racial identities who also belong to lower socioeconomic status may experience compounded forms of discrimination, such as challenges to housing or employment. Allspach's article explores the particular intersections that criminalised women encounter as they continue to be marginalised after being released from Canadian prisons. Institution-based racism, classism, and sexism set limits for inmates' socioeconomic and geopolitical lives outside of the
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