He thought that if you put a mint plant in a closed jar, then you can keep a candle lit. His independent variable was the amount of time he waited before relighting the candle. He measured if there was a flame or not, and if there is oxygen in the jar. Joseph Priestley made sure that in his experiment that he always kept the same was the same mint plant, same candle, and also when you relight the candle. He concluded that if you put a mint plant in a closed jar, then the candle will stay lit. He did not have any flaws in his experiment that would have made his results