By examining how wet nursing intersected with broader societal attitudes towards race and gender, Krauthamer's work illuminates how labels assigned to black women, such as "mammy," were perpetuated and reinforced through institutionalized practices. Incorporating insights from both Lemons and Krauthammer enriches our analysis by highlighting the multifaceted ways in which racial stereotypes were disseminated and entrenched within antebellum society, contributing to the systemic oppression of African Americans. Ultimately, the labels assigned to black women and children in 19th-century America served to maintain the status quo by reinforcing racial and gendered inequalities. By dehumanizing and marginalizing African Americans, these labels protected the social and economic interests of white Americans, ensuring the continuation of systems of oppression and exploitation. Despite efforts to challenge these labels through social movements and legislative reforms, their enduring legacy continues to shape perceptions and experiences of African Americans in contemporary