In 1517 friar John Tetzel sold indulgences in Germany to raise money to renovate St. Peters Basilica in Rome (“Martin Luther and the 95 Theses”). According to Orta, Luther sent a letter known as the 95 Theses on October 31, 1517. The 95 Theses were about what the Catholic Church needed to fix but they mostly had to do with the selling of indulgences (Edwards). With the selling of indulgences absolution became corrupt (“Martin Luther and the 95 Theses”). According to Martin Luther and the 95 Theses, Pope Leo issued a papal bull that stated Luther had to recant his statement in Rome in 120 days. Luther would not recant so on January 3, 1521, Pope Leo excommunicated him from the Catholic Church (“Martin Luther and the 95 Theses”). Luther appeared at the Diet of Worms in 1521 in front of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and was told to retract his statements (Edwards). At the diet of Worms Luther ended his testimony with “Here I stand. God help me. I can do no other” (“Martin Luther and the 95 Theses”). According to Orta, Luther had stated that anyone reading the scripture could interpret it in any way, and they had the right to challenge the Pope as long as the arguments were based on the