Maslow Personality Essay

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

1st Force: Psychoanalysis
2nd Force: Behaviorism
3rd Force: Humanism

Maslow criticized both psychoanalysis and behaviorism for having a limited view of humanity.

Maslow
Devoted his life to studying the best in human beings.
Felt that people have the basic potential for improvement and growth.

Maslow’s View of Motivation
Holistic Approach to motivation.
The entire person is motivated, not an individual function or part.

Maslow’s View of Motivation
Motivation is complex.
May be several motives driving the individual toward a goal.

Maslow’s View of Motivation
People are continually motivated by one need or another.
When one is satiated another arises.

Maslow’s View of Motivation
People are motivated by the same needs.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The higher one gets on the pyramid:

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The higher one gets on the pyramid:

1)The less imperative the need is for survival.

Physiological

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The higher one gets on the pyramid:

1)The less imperative the need is for survival.

Safety and
Security

Physiological

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The higher one gets on the pyramid:
2) The longer it can be postponed. Belongingness
And Love

Safety and
Security

Physiological

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
The higher one gets on the pyramid:
3) The easier it is for the need to disappear permanently.

SelfEsteem

Belongingness
And Love

Safety and
Security

Physiological

Self-

3) The easier it is for the need to disappear permanently.

Actualization
SelfEsteem

Belongingness
And Love

Safety and
Security

Physiological

Self-Transcendence

SelfActualization
SelfEsteem

Belongingness
And Love

Safety and
Security

Physiological

4) Not appear at all.

Self-Transcendence

1)The less imperative the need is for survival.
2) The longer it can be postponed. 3) The easier it is for the need to disappear permanently.
4) Not appear at all.

SelfActualization
SelfEsteem

Belongingness
And Love

Safety and
Security

Physiological

Lower level needs have prepotency over higher level needs. Each step represents a higher need, but one less necessary for survival.

DNeeds

D = Deficiency

DNeeds

Motivation is caused by a lack.
Something is missing. D = Deficiency

DNeeds

BNeeds

Being Needs

BNeeds

Being Needs

These are needs that enhance one’s life.

BNeeds

BNeeds

DNeeds

•You are not at just one level.
•Probably working on a number of levels at one time since….

•You are not at just one level.
•Probably working on a number of levels at one time since….

….you move on to the next level when one level is apprx.
70% satiated.

Freud:
Basic
Biology

Food
Water
Air
Sex

Can be totally and

Have a recurring

overly

nature.

satisfied.

Horney
&
Fromm:
Early

Need for an

Childhood

Orderly
&
Predictable

Development

World

Strong motivator for children. Cannot be overly satiated, as physiological needs can. Stage 5:
Erikson’s
Fifth
&
Sixth
Stages
of
Development

Identity vs. Role Confusion
Stage 6:
Intimacy
vs.
Isolation

People who have not received love… …may eventually come to devalue it. Carl Rogers and the idea of
Self.

Results from: SelfRespect
&
Respect from Others

Includes idea of confidence… …as well as competence. One of the first theorists… …to emphasize actualization.

Need becomes potent when…
…”B”
values are embraced. Fulfills
One’s
Potential

No Longer
Motivated by
D-Needs

Deprivation of actualization needs… …result is metapathology.

Metamotivation is the…

…motivation of actualizing people. Expressive
Behavior

Usually unlearned, spontaneous, and determined by forces within the person.

Coping
Behavior

Always motivated by and serves the
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