Chapter 13
Understanding Individual Behavior
Behavior- The actions of people
Organizational Behavior- The study of the actions of people at work
*Individual Behavior- includes such topics as attitudes, personality, perception, learning, and motivation. *Group Behavior- includes norms, roles, team building, leadership, and conflict.
*Organizational Elements- including structure, culture, and human resource policies and practices.
Goals of Organizational Behavior (6) *Employee Productivity- is a performance measure of both efficiency and effectiveness. *Absenteeism- is the failure to show up to work. *Turnover- is the voluntary or involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization.
*Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) - is discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee’s formal job requirements but that promotes the effective functioning of the organization.
*Job Satisfaction- is an employee’s general attitude toward his or her job.
*Workplace Misbehavior- is intentional employee misbehavior that is potentially damaging to the organization or to other employees.
Attitudes (3 components) - are evaluative statements, either favorable or unfavorable, concerning objects, people, or events. They reflect how an individual feels about something.
*Cognitive Component- refers to the beliefs, opinions, knowledge, or information held by a person. Ex- the belief that “Discrimination is wrong”
*Affective Component-is the emotional or feeling part of an attitude. Ex- “I don’t like Pat because he discriminates against minorities.”
*Behavioral Component- refers to an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something. Ex- I may choose to avoid Pat because of my feelings about him.
Personality- is a unique combination of emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how a person reacts to situations and interacts with others. The measurable traits that a person exhibits.
*Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) – is a personality assessment that consist of more than 100 questions that ask people how they usually act or feel in different situations.
*Big Five Model- A personality trait model that examines extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. 1. Extraversion- The degree to which someone is sociable, talkative, and assertive.
2. Agreeableness- The degree to which someone is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting.
3. Conscientiousness- The degree to which someone is responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented.
4. Emotional Stability- The degree to
