Modern African History Essay

Submitted By alizalcohen
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Pages: 10
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NYTimes article portrayed Himba as a timeless people, stuck in the past BUT in actuality, the Himba have not been detached and their position in the world has been deeply historical ties into the stereotype of a Historical Europe vs. a Timeless Africa (idea that Africa did not have a real history before Europeans came(and even so, Africa never really changes while the western world trots ahead and modernizes) FREETOWNin 1807, Britain became the first to end slave trading the British began to settle freed slaves in Freetown, Sierra Leone British used Freetown as a base to patrol the waters many of Sierra Leones and Africas greatest thinkers at the time came from Freetown ERIC WILLIAMSdeveloped theories that responded to the false claim that Europeans abolished the slave trade because of humanitarian reasons (economic, political, religious thoughts emerging at the time) in Capitalism and Slavery, called abolitionism one of the greatest pieces of propaganda of all time(Williams argues that slavery stood in the way of expanding capitalist and free wage labor simply, it was much more profitable to abandon slave trading (because of the rise of capitalism, Industrial Revolution, etc.)LEGITIMATE COMMERCEin the early 19th century, many Africans were enslaving other Africans African resources were wanted in Europe (for example, gum arabic) though Europe had officially ended the slave trade by the early 1800s, they still used slave (coerced) labor in Africa because they wanted certain resources the ability to profit depended on the ability to control other peoples labor this was so important because Africans would buy European goods after Europeans processed the raw materials from AfricaPALM OILpalm oil required a lot of processing in the Niger Delta area, water access made slave trade easier plus it was a great place for the production of palm oil (which became important for many products) palm oil production took off as slavery declined (during the early to mid-1800s)(women took on the burdens of agricultural labor and began working double time to produce palm oil despite the fact that they did not profit from it men controlled the fruits of womens laborRIGHTS-IN-PERSONSthe rights that a person exercises in another happens through kin groups (and theres a pecking order), pawnship, and exchange of labor for goodsKILWASEYYID SAIDin the early to mid-1800s in Zanzibar, plantation (spices, coconuts, clothes) economy took off and used slaves from mainland Africa Britain had abolished the slave trade by 1807 and had begun to patrol the coast of West Africa, so the slave trade moved east the Sultan of Oman (Seyyid Said) moved to Zanzibar, and if any other countries wanted to East Africa, they had to first go through Zanzibar and the Sultan MIRAMBO head of militarized polity (where people could control certain areas, exert economic control, and demand labor) dominated Nyamwezi people near Lake Tangyanika started out as a trader and caravan owner, and through trade, acquired firearms and money created mini empire in late 1900s through muscle (guns) and made any people coming through pay taxes, forced people in the area to hunt ivory (since there was increasing demand in middle and upper class European/American households), captured and sold slaves, etc.SIERRA LEONEland of free slaves and base for the British British intercepted slaves from the slave trade and sent them to Freetown, Sierra Leone evangelization spread because Africans themselves (often freed slaves from North America or Europe) taught Christianity to new African slaves new slaves were receptive to Christianity because they had just been deposited in a new place TIPPU TIPduring mid to late 19th century, more Arabs had come into the interior from the Eastern coast by the 1860s, Tippu Tip ended up conquering and creating a massive area and vast network where he controlled trade (from interior Africa to Swahili coast) became governor of Stanley Falls District in Congo Free
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