Title: Rhino maxillary Mucormycosis following dental extraction in a diabetic patient: A case report
Abstract :
Mucormycosis is a fungal infection commonly affecting structures in the head and neck, such as air sinuses orbits and the brain. Common predisposing factors include diabetes mellitus, renal failure, malignancies, intra venous drug abuse, malnutrition states, as well as immunosuppressant and corticosteroid therapy. We report on a 60year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus who developed an invasive fungal disease of the facial bones after several teeth were extracted
Key words: Mucormycosis fungal sinusitis, opportunistic infection, phycomycosis
Introduction:
Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection caused by saprophytic…show more content… The most common is the Rhinocerebral form, involving the nose, paranasal sinus, orbits and central nervous system. Others include cutaneous, gastrointestinal, pulmonary and disseminated forms. Rhinocerebral mucoromycosis typically begins with hyphal invasion of the paranasal sinus or the oronasal cavity of susceptible host.1Predisposing factors for invasive mucourmycosis include poorly-controlled diabetes mellitus, prolonged corticosteroid treatment, hematological malignancies, severe burns/trauma, chronic kidney disease, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, immunosuppressant use following solid organ transplant, and intravenous drug abuse. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination, diagnostic radiography and biopsy. The diagnosis is conformed histological by demonstrating tissue invasion and subsequent tissue reaction to the fungi, rather than just the presence of the organism. The microscopically examination of the tissue biopsy shows an acute and/or chronic inflammatory process, necrosis and hyphal elements. Debridement of nonviable necrotic tissue has been the mainstay off treatment over the years and remains so today. With the advent of potent antifungal medications, a combination of surgery and medication has provided better outcomes.. With the advent of potent antifungal medications, a combination of surgery and medication has provided better out comes. Amphotericin B is only antifungal that has been proven to be efficacious. It is administered parenterally at 1.0-1.5 mg/kg of the body weight/day. Conventional Amphotericin B is a formulation designed to be less nephrotoxic than conventional Amphotericin B. hyperbaric oxygen therapy has also been used to treat mucormycosis. The high oxygen concentrations achieved in infected tissue may decrease tissue hypoxia and acidosis, thereby reducing the ability of
