1. Some of the issues related to Remote Procedure calls include:
Marshalling: Parameters must be marshalled into a standard representation. This corrects the issue of parameters representations to be understood by modules to avoid misinterpretation or some being uninterpreted Semantics: Call-by-reference not possible: the client and server don't share an address space. An In copy-restore is used to solved this problem, where call-by-reference parameters issues are handled by sending a copy of the referenced data structure to the server, and on return replacing the client's copy with that modified by the server.
Binding: There is an issue related to how the client knows who to call and where services are placed or stored. Dynamic binding is used to find the server at run time when the RPC is first made. The first time the client stub is invoked, it contacts a name server to determine the transport address at which the server resides.…show more content… Timestamping is needed in Real Time Application for the purpose of synchronization, it is used to enable the receiver to play back the received samples at appropriate intervals. When several media streams are present, the timestamps are independent in each stream, and may not be relied upon for media synchronization.
3. The maximum packet lifetime , T, have to be large enough to ensure that not only the packet but also its acknowledgements have disappeared.
With a short lifetime, when packet are transmitted and ACK sent, in congested network the delay will lead to timeout and the ACK will not be received by the recipient and this will lead to resubmission leading to futher congestion.
Suppose that we only allow for the time that a packet needs to vanish. Suppose that just before it vanishes, packet p reaches the destination which responds with the acknowledgement. Now, suppose that the source fills safe that it can reuse p and does so. After a while the p acknowledgment arrives and the sender thinks that p has been safely
