Nationalism: Middle Class and culturally Distinct Group Essay

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Joshua Kang
11/11/12
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DBQ 5 Throughout history, nationalism (loyalty to not an empire or monarchy but to a nation of people that share a common culture and history) has become a major benefactor to lead the world as it is now. There are 3 types of nationalisms that exist; those 3 are unification (mergers of politically divided but similar lands), separation (culturally distinct group that tries to resist) and state building (culturally distinct group that form into a new state with one culture). In the 1800’s Germany was divided into small city-states and principalities that were all grouped up by the Holy Roman Empire. Many hoped that Germany may once become united under a single constitutional monarchy. After the defeat of Napolean in 1815, previous social and political order was regained. And for that defeat, 38 states were all under the rule of the Germanic Confederation, in which creates unification. As unification was created for Germany many agreed that there were many problems of political, economic and social order in German states. Such problems had politically to with the government having disagreements, while economically there were problems that had to do with the factories and workers. And finally Germany’s last problem is with its social order of the middle class and liberalism. Through the results of unification there still seems to be problems politically such as the disagreements with their own government. But through Joseph von Goerres explanation in his pamphlet it seems he favors the idea when he says that he is “pleased a new idea is added to those that caused the revolution in France – the idea of national unity.” Though it seems that there are no problems, the consequences of this German revolution “must end with the expulsion of the reigning princes . . . the destruction of the nobles” (document 2). The fact that one agrees with this idea shows that the problem is not the people but how far they are willing to go for the unification of Germany. This idea of unification seems to also become disagreed upon in document 3 when it describes all “their eyes to the union of all Germans in one Germany. This evil idea must be conquered.” To conclude the idea of unifying Germany should be looked down upon. While there may be political disagreements to the unification of Germany, there also seems to be economic problems with the factories and workers. In the same way how unification had affected Germany politically it affected Germany economically as it is describes how the transitional period in factories left the others helpless. As for the workers it made them independent and no one could tell them what to do. Described in document 6 due to the replacement of craft production by factories all crafts “are either in decline or in a grip of drastic changes in their shops to meet the competition of industrialization.” This problem had showed that once factories were able to flourish, crafts were all left to fend for themselves. This forced them to find a new way to keep up with the industrialization or forced people to quit on crafts. As for the workers, document 10 describes the workers as the “heart of the people” and they should, “Be worthy of this honor and show that you were not born to be hunted like wild animals by the prince’s police.” This shows a positive point of view towards their workers as it shows that the people are able to control themselves and no one is able to tell them what to do. In the end economically the German states had problems that could not be fixed, but these problems do not end there when socially affected
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