For an argument to be valid it must be the case that if premises are true, and the conclusion can never be false. A valid argument has no counter, a counterexample or counter in an argument is a circumstance that proves a syllogism to be wrong or a counter can be seen as an exception to a certain definition. A prime example of a valid argument is All M are P. All S are M. All S are P. This argument is valid because if all the ‘m’ qualify as ‘p’ and all the ‘s’ qualify as ‘m’, then all ‘s’ qualify as ‘p’. One can easily see that this syllogism is a valid argument because of its undeniable and fitting explanation of why its valid, if broken down into pieces the explanation is clear.
In argument A, all biological agents that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts are living things. All viruses are biological agents that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts.All viruses are living things. We can see that “All biological agents that reproduces inside the…show more content… Some independent things are living things. Some viruses are not living things. One can determine that this argument is sound as it is true that no virus is independent due to the fact that they require a host cell to start the reproduction process. When I say that all viruses are dependent, I mean that they require a host cell to reproduce “Viruses depend on the host cells that they infect to reproduce. When found outside of host cells, viruses exist as a protein coat or capsid, sometimes enclosed within a membrane. The capsid encloses either DNA or RNA which codes for the virus elements. While in this form outside the cell, the virus is metabolically inert” (University of California, Berkeley). Some independent things are living things is a true claim as adults can choose to reproduce with another consenting adult and not have to find a specific individual cellular condition to reproduce. The true premises showcase that the conclusion cannot be
