DMAIC
OPS/571
Operations Management
Six Sigma: DMAIC
Objectives of DMAIC
•
Understand the process
•
Eliminate errors
•
Remove slack
•
Reduce variation
•
Plan for continual improvement
DMAIC
Define
Opportunities
Measure
Performance
Analyze
Opportunity
Improve
Performance
Control
Performance
Define:
Define Opportunities
Measure:
Define Opportunities
Six Sigma: DMAIC
Define
Opportunities
Objective
Measure
Performance
Main Activities
• Identify critical measures • Develop Measurement
Plan
• Develop methods for collecting data
• Plot and Analyze Data
• Establish baseline sigma (variation) for processes • Validate
Measurements
• Determine desired performance • Collect other performance items
Analyze
Opportunity
Improve
Performance
Tools/Techniques
Process Chart
Histogram
CCR
Control
Performance
Key Deliverables
• Inputs: Process Variables
• Outputs: Process
Responses
Process Map
Check sheet
1.1
1.2
1.3
Action Plan
• Data Collection formats & plans • Define baseline performance Analyze:
Analyze Opportunity
Six Sigma: DMAIC
Define
Opportunities
Objective
•
•
•
Stratify and
Analyze Data
Identify and
Validate the Root
Cause
Identify Potential
Solutions
Measure
Performance
Analyze
Opportunity
Main Activities
• Analyze Data
•
•
•
•
•
Histogram
Control charts
Pareto’s
Run charts
Scatter Plot
• Identify root cause(s)
• Identify potential solutions Improve
Performance
Tools/Techniques
Control Chart
Histogram
Control
Performance
Key Deliverables
• Data Analysis
• Statement of root cause Cause & Effect
Fishbone Diagram
Methods
Materials
Scatter Plot
Machine
People
• Potential solutions
Improve:
Improve Performance
Six Sigma: DMAIC
Define
Opportunities
Objective
• Identify solutions
• Develop a
Change
• Management
Plan
• Communicate
Improvement
Strategy
Measure
Performance
Improve
Performance
Analyze
Opportunity
Main Activities
Tools/Techniques
Cost Benefit
• Evaluate and Select
Solutions
• Determine Solution
Impacts & Benefits
• Communicate solution to all Customers &
Stakeholders
Control
Performance
Key Deliverables
• Statement of Solution
Cost:
•Installation
•Spares
• Development of Action
Plan
Benefit:
•Productivity Savings
Process Map
Gantt Chart
1 Task A
2 Task B
3 Task C
• Communicate Message of Solution using:
• Process Map(s)
• Analysis Doc’s
• Storyboard
• Impact & Benefits
Force Field Analysis
Forces for idea
Forces against idea
9
Control:
Control Performance
Six Sigma: DMAIC
Define
Opportunities
Objective
Measure
Performance
Analyze
Opportunity
Main Activities
• Executive plan
• Develop pilot plan
• Disseminate lessons learned
• Summarize experiences and lessons. • Institute new process • Determine other improvement opportunities.
• Develop institutionalization of plan • Identify continuous improvement opportunities.
Control
Performance
Improve
Performance
Tools/Techniques
Run Charts
Lessons
Learned
Process Control
1
Poor X
2
Late K
3
Late Y
Change Plans
CCR
Key Deliverables
• Process control systems • Standards and procedures • Training
• Change implementation plan • Continuous improvement document
• Standardization
GAP
11
Six Sigma: DMAIC
Define
Opportunities
Measure
Performance
Objective
Main Activities
•
•
Assessment
•
Employee responsibility alignment
•
•
•
•
Identify improvement opportunity
Develop business processes Define Customers
& Stakeholders
Define critical customer requirements
Prepare team
•
Process mapping
•
Translate critical customer requirements
•
Assess baseline metrics Analyze
Opportunity
Improve
Performance
Tools/Techniques
Control Chart
CCR
Control
Performance
Key Deliverables
• Define opportunities & measurable goals
• Critical Customer
Requirements
Process